Question 1

A major change from DSM-IV to DSM-5 is:

Accepted Answer

A)   Multiaxial evaluation is no longer used
B)   The section entitled "Disorders Usually First Diagnosed in Infancy, Childhood, Or Adolescence" has been changed to "Neurodevelopmental DisOrders"
C)   The diagnosis of mental retardation is now called intellectual disability
D)   All of the above D

Question 2

List two advantages and two disadvantages to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5).

Accepted Answer

Advantages:
1. Standardization: The DSM-5 provides a standardized criteria for diagnosing mental disorders, which helps ensure consistency and accuracy in diagnosis across different mental health professionals.
2. Research and Treatment: The DSM-5 helps guide research and treatment by providing a common language and framework for understanding and addressing mental health disorders.

Disadvantages:
1. Overdiagnosis: Some critics argue that the DSM-5's expansive criteria for certain disorders may lead to overdiagnosis and unnecessary labeling of individuals.
2. Stigmatization: The DSM-5's classification of mental disorders can contribute to stigmatization and labeling of individuals, potentially leading to discrimination and negative societal attitudes.

Question 3

In the mid- to late-1800s, the work by Dorthea Dix and the follow-up to the case of Mary Ellen served to:

Accepted Answer

A)   Focus attention on genetic factors
B)   Highlight the need for medication
C)   Increase humane treatment for troubled children
D)   All of the above C

Question 4

During the Middle Ages, treatment for what we now know as psychological disorders in children sometimes included:

Accepted Answer

A)   Infanticide
B)   Imprisonment
C)   Publicly humiliated
D)   All of the above

Question 5

Jose is 13 years old and his mother describes him as a "terror." He is aggressive, he breaks nearly every rule at school, and he cannot seem to be controlled at home or at school.Jose's behavior can best be described as showing:

Accepted Answer

A)   Internalizing problems
B)   Externalizing problems
C)   Genetically-based problems
D)   Environmentally-determined problems

Question 6

Developmental psychopathology includes:

Accepted Answer

A)   The combination of the study of developmental processes and psychopathology
B)   The study of behaviors, cognitions, and emotions that are abnormal, disruptive and distressing
C)   Investigations of individuals across the lifespan, especially infants, children, and adolescents
D)   All of the above

Question 7

Examples of internalizing problems include:

Accepted Answer

A)   Anxiety
B)   Depression
C)   Withdrawn behavior
D)   All of the above

Question 8

Discuss the different contexts that are important in understanding abnormal child behavior.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss the different contexts that are important...

Question 9

The new diagnostic criteria proposed by the National Institute of Mental Health are known as:

Accepted Answer

A)   Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) 
B)   Research Domain Criteria (RDo
C)  
C)   Primary Project (PP) 
D)   Principle Diagnostic Assessment System (PDAS)

Question 10

For her dissertation, Kathy would like to find out how many children and adolescents experience attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.Thus, she is studying:

Accepted Answer

A)   Differential diagnosis
B)   A multiaxial evaluation system
C)   Prevalence
D)   Psychometric properties

Question 11

Based on cross-cultural research between children in the United States and in Thailand, which of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)   Parents in both the U.S. and in Thailand were more troubled by internalizing problems than by externalizing problems
B)   Teachers in both countries differed a great deal from parents in their perceptions of children's behavior
C)   Parents in the U.S. were much less likely to think that their children's behavior would improve than were parents in Thailand
D)   Parents in Thailand were much less likely to think that their children's behavior would improve than were parents in the U.S.

Question 12

Describe at least 3 major changes to the new DSM-5.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe at least 3 major changes to...

Question 13

Darryl is 11 years old.He gets into fights at school and he seems angry almost all of the time.At home, Darryl nearly always argues with his parents (who argue with each other a great deal).In particular, Darryl and his father seem to be engaged in a power struggle-with both trying to gain an upper hand on the other.Dr.Johnson just began working with family.If he wanted to note the parent-child relations problem between Darryl and his parents as part of the diagnostic impression, he would use a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)   Clinical disorder diagnosis
B)   V-Code
C)   Protective factor
D)   Personality disorder

Question 14

Define risk factor.What are the risk factors that are associated with the development of psychopathology? As you discuss the specific risk factors, please note whether these factors relate to one specific disorder or whether they serve as risk factors for a number of disorders.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define risk factor.What are the risk factors...

Question 15

When behaviors from the Child Behavior Checklist are compared across groups, which characteristic shows the most differences (i.e., showing at least 20% difference in the variance between children in different groups)?

Accepted Answer

A)   Gender
B)   Race/ethnicity
C)   Referred for treatment versus not referred
D)   All of the above

Question 16

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)   The current DSM-5 is meant to be atheoretical
B)   A strength of DSM-5 is that it is widely used by many different types of professionals within the United States
C)   DSM-5 no longer uses multiaxial evaluation
D)   Diagnoses for children are more reliable than diagnoses for adults

Question 17

Although no longer in the current edition, in the previous two editions of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-III and DSM-IV) had five axes to help diagnose clients.The inclusion of these five axes was called:

Accepted Answer

A)   Multiaxial evaluation
B)   Differential diagnosis
C)   The Kappa statistic
D)   The medical model

Question 18

Dr.Chang is a clinical psychologist working in a community mental health center.She has just completed an evaluation of a 10-year-old boy who is showing signs of depression and anxiety.As Dr.Chang tries to establish which disorders, if any, are appropriate for the boy, she is engaging in the process of:

Accepted Answer

A)   Intervention
B)   Differential diagnosis
C)   Psychometric properties
D)   Projective assessment

Question 19

Define protective factor.Provide three examples of protective factors.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define protective factor.Provide three examples of protective...

Question 20

Which of the following statements is TRUE about the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5)?

Accepted Answer

A)   There are almost no diagnoses that can be applied to children and adolescents
B)   There is a section that lists "Disorders Usually First Diagnosed in Infancy, Childhood, or Adolescence"
C)   In contrast to DSM-IV, multiaxial evaluation is no longer used in DSM-5
D)   Reliability of diagnoses in DSM-5 are similarly strong for both children and adults

Exam 1: Conceptualizations of Normality and Abnormality in Children and Adolescents