Question 1

In an ischemic stroke, high blood pressure management should:

Accepted Answer

A)   occur slowly (e.g., no more than 15% in first 24 hours) .
B)   occur quickly until the patient is normotensive.
C)   not be attempted until after 24 hours.
D)   occur quickly until the symptoms stabilize. A

Question 2

Which of the following neurotransmitters is widely reduced in depression?

Accepted Answer

A)   Serotonin
B)   Monoamine
C)   Glutamine
D)   Epinephrine A

Question 3

A 60-year-old woman has just had a cerebrovascular accident (CVA). The most likely cause of her stroke is:

Accepted Answer

A)   intracerebral hemorrhage.
B)   atrial fibrillation.
C)   cerebral aneurysm.
D)   subarachnoid hemorrhage. B

Question 4

A man is complaining of a unilateral throbbing headache that is severe. He also gets a runny nose, and his eye gets teary. These headaches make him feel restless. He says they come and go, but he can get several in a day. These findings are consistent with:

Accepted Answer

A)   migraine headache without aura.
B)   cluster headaches.
C)   tension headaches.
D)   headache due to an aneurysm.

Question 5

A patient with refractory depression will receive electroconvulsive therapy. She would like more information about this therapy. What information should be provided to her?

Accepted Answer

A)   You will need to be on bedrest for 2 days after the procedure.
B)   The procedure produces a brief brain seizure that activates various brain areas.
C)   The procedure is painless, so usually no anesthesia is necessary.
D)   You will have to reduce your intake of food after, due to the risk of vomiting.

Question 6

Children in comparison to adults with major depressive disorders are more likely to exhibit:

Accepted Answer

A)   weight changes.
B)   low self-esteem.
C)   insomnia.
D)   somatic complaints such as stomachache.

Question 7

A patient with increased intracranial pressure will have:

Accepted Answer

A)   dilated scalp veins.
B)   a rapid increase in head size.
C)   visual changes.
D)   prominence of forehead.

Question 8

A patient with schizophrenia has hallucinations and delusions. These thoughts and behaviors are termed:

Accepted Answer

A)   positive symptoms.
B)   negative symptoms.
C)   affective symptoms.
D)   cognitive symptoms.

Question 9

Which of the following is a characteristic of brainstem death?

Accepted Answer

A)   Apnea
B)   Comatose
C)   Vegetative state
D)   Lack of movement

Question 10

A patient sustained a severe head injury after a motorcycle accident. He is being monitored for signs of increased intracranial pressure, which would include:

Accepted Answer

A)   bradycardia.
B)   tachycardia.
C)   hypotension.
D)   pinpoint pupils.

Question 11

An 18-year-old patient describes that he needs to wash his hands multiple times a day because he is concerned about germs. He said this started when he was about 12 years old. This behavior is a description of:

Accepted Answer

A)   an obsession.
B)   a compulsion.
C)   paranoia.
D)   delusions.

Question 12

A 22-year-old woman is being discharged home after suffering a mild traumatic brain injury sustained in a motor vehicle accident. What information will be given to her family?

Accepted Answer

A)   Give her ibuprofen every 6 hours for headache.
B)   She should be observed for 4 hours, and then she can go back to her own apartment.
C)   She should not drink any cold liquids.
D)   She should recover without any long-term consequences.

Question 13

Alterations in __________ have been associated with the development of mental health disorders such as depression, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia.

Accepted Answer

A)   chromosomes 8 and 15
B)   chromosomes 5 and 6
C)   chromosomes 1 and 2
D)   chromosomes 3 and 10

Question 14

An 18-year-old was brought into the emergency room because she was found on the streets at 2:00 a.m. stating she was campaigning for the next president and was writing his speeches. Police reported she was alone and yelling at oncoming cars and insisting they join her campaign to elect the next president. Concerns for her safety is what led the police to bring her to the emergency room. This woman may be experiencing:

Accepted Answer

A)   a manic episode.
B)   a panic attack.
C)   agoraphobia.
D)   compulsive behavior.

Question 15

A patient reports that he senses that he is detached from society. His family reports he doesn't seem to enjoy many experiences. These symptoms are a description of:

Accepted Answer

A)   avolition.
B)   alogia.
C)   anhedonia.
D)   delusions.

Question 16

What symptoms must be present for a patient to be diagnosed with major depressive disorder?

Accepted Answer

A)   Indecisiveness
B)   Feeling of sadness
C)   Fatigue
D)   Insomnia

Question 17

Which of the following essential amino acids is a precursor to serotonin?

Accepted Answer

A)   Tryptophan
B)   Glutamate
C)   Choline
D)   Dopamine

Question 18

A 27-year-old woman is coming in to discuss preconception counseling. She is told to take folate. What is the purpose of this supplementation?

Accepted Answer

A)   It reduces the risk of neural tube defects.
B)   It reduces the risk of anemia.
C)   It helps with fertility and implantation.
D)   It prevents down syndrome.

Question 19

A child is being examined, and a tuft of hair over a birthmark in the sacrococcygeal area is noted with no other abnormalities. This could represent:

Accepted Answer

A)   meningocele.
B)   spina bifida occulta.
C)   myelomeningocele.
D)   split cord malformation.

Question 20

A 25-year-old was playing baseball and was hit in the head by a bat. At first he lost consciousness for a short period and then was alert, so he decided to just go home and put ice on his head. While at home, he started having a headache, became confused, and started to vomit. The most likely type of cerebral injury is a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)   intracerebral hemorrhage.
B)   subdural hematoma.
C)   epidural hematoma.
D)   subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Exam 11: Neural Function