Question 1

Individual differences in the frequency of human and rodent sexual behavior are correlated with blood levels of androgens.

Accepted Answer

A)   True
B)   False B

Question 2

Erection and ejaculation in the male rat must be controlled by the _______ because _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   olfactory system; lesions eliminate sexual behavior
B)   amygdala; lesions eliminate sexual behavior
C)   spinal cord; transection eliminates erections and ejaculations
D)   spinal cord; transection does not eliminate erections and ejaculations D

Question 3

Compare and contrast the role of gonadal hormones in the mediation of copulatory behavior in a male rodent and male primate of your choice.

Accepted Answer

The role of gonadal hormones in the mediation of copulatory behavior in male rodents and male primates differs in several key ways. In male rodents, such as rats, testosterone plays a crucial role in the regulation of copulatory behavior. Testosterone is produced in the testes and acts on the brain to stimulate sexual motivation and behavior. In contrast, male primates, such as humans, also rely on testosterone for the regulation of copulatory behavior, but the role of other hormones, such as estrogen and progesterone, is also significant.

In male rodents, the presence of testosterone is necessary for the expression of copulatory behavior, including mounting, intromission, and ejaculation. Castration, or the removal of the testes, leads to a significant decrease in these behaviors, which can be restored by the administration of testosterone. In contrast, male primates also rely on testosterone for the regulation of copulatory behavior, but the role of other hormones, such as estrogen and progesterone, is also significant.

In male primates, including humans, the regulation of copulatory behavior is more complex and involves a combination of gonadal hormones. Testosterone is still important for the expression of sexual behavior, but estrogen and progesterone also play significant roles. For example, estrogen is involved in the regulation of sexual motivation and receptivity, while progesterone can influence the receptivity of female partners.

Overall, while testosterone plays a crucial role in the mediation of copulatory behavior in both male rodents and male primates, the specific hormonal regulation differs between the two groups. Male rodents rely primarily on testosterone, while male primates have a more complex interplay of gonadal hormones involved in the regulation of copulatory behavior.

Question 4

In parthenogenic whiptail lizards, "male" sex behavior is exhibited to

Accepted Answer

A)   increase the fertility of recipient of this behavior.
B)   decrease boredom and make fun of sexually reproducing species.
C)   allow sexual selection to occur.
D)   None of the above

Question 5

Which of the following is not a component of the consummatory phase during male rodent sexual behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)   Mounting
B)   Courtship
C)   Ejaculation
D)   Intromission

Question 6

In the context of alternative male mating strategies, a "sneaker" male is a

Accepted Answer

A)   species of snake that has a hemipenis.
B)   female that leaves the nest at night to copulate with the dominant male.
C)   male that has muted coloration, often with immature or female characteristics, that sneaks to mate with females rather than directly competing with other males.
D)   male that has sexually selected brightly colored feet that attract the female's attention.

Question 7

Erection of the human male penis is controlled by the

Accepted Answer

A)   parasympathetic nervous system.
B)   flow of blood into the corpora cavernosa and corpus spongiosum.
C)   bulbocavernosus and ischiocavernosus muscles.
D)   Both a and b

Question 8

How does a lesion of the preoptic area (POA) affect male sexual behavior?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How does a lesion of the preoptic...

Question 9

List and describe the three components of male rodent sexual behavior.

Accepted Answer

The answer of List and describe the three components of...

Question 10

Which behavior is not interrupted by lesions of the MPOA?

Accepted Answer

A)   Thermoregulatory behavior
B)   Locomotor behavior
C)   Drinking
D)   Territorial behavior

Question 11

What are the two phases of male reproductive behaviors?

Accepted Answer

A)   Appetitive and consummatory
B)   Cognitive and consummatory
C)   Appetitive and conducive
D)   Attachment and consummatory

Question 12

Male red-sided garter snakes mate

Accepted Answer

A)   immediately after hibernation, when their testes are regressed and androgen levels are low.
B)   approximately six weeks after emerging from hibernation, thus allowing time for sperm to mature.
C)   monogamously with a female.
D)   with a female only when she is ovulating.

Question 13

Define the appetitive versus consummatory phases of male sexual behavior.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define the appetitive versus consummatory phases of...

Question 14

Which statement is most likely true?

Accepted Answer

A)   Oxytocin release during orgasm may promote sexual satiety.
B)   The parasympathetic nervous system controls ejaculation.
C)   The sympathetic nervous system controls human male penile erection.
D)   Testosterone is necessary for human male penile erection.

Question 15

Describe the use of optogenetic stimulation in studies of male sexual behavior.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the use of optogenetic stimulation in...

Question 16

In human males, which statement is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   Hormones have no effect on sexual motivation or performance.
B)   Although not necessary, hormones can have pronounced effects on sexual motivation.
C)   Hypogonadal men will never copulate or obtain an erection.
D)   Male sex offenders generally have high testosterone and regressed gonads.

Question 17

Which hormone(s) will reinstate sexual behavior (i.e., sniffing, mounting, intromission) in the male rat following castration?

Accepted Answer

A)   Testosterone
B)   Estradiol
C)   Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) 
D)   Both a and b

Question 18

During restoration of sex behavior in castrated male rodents, what is the order of appearance of behavior?

Accepted Answer

The answer of During restoration of sex behavior in castrated...

Question 19

The POA (preoptic area) is necessary for

Accepted Answer

A)   circadian rhythms.
B)   male sexual behavior.
C)   female sexual behavior.
D)   pre-visual acuity.

Question 20

What are immediate early genes? Explain how they have been used to study the neural circuitry of male sexual behavior.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are immediate early genes? Explain how...

Exam 5: Male Reproductive Behavior