Question 1

Visual long term memory is characterised by ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   an increased response to a previously-presented image
B)   no changes in brain activity
C)   a decreased response to a previously-presented image C

Question 2

The association between a stimulus and an outcome underlies ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   instrumental conditioning
B)   pavlovian conditioning
C)   declarative memory B

Question 3

Prediction error signals have been shown by ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   electrophysiological recording of dopamine neurons
B)   functional imaging of the ventral tegmental area using fMRI
C)   electrophysiological recording of the ventral striatum A

Question 4

Procedural memory is form of ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   pavlovian conditioning
B)   declarative memory
C)   implicit memory

Question 5

Long-term depression can increase ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   the strength of an excitatory synapse
B)   the strength of an inhibitory synapse
C)   the output of a neural network

Question 6

Patient KC ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   had a selective loss of episodic memory
B)   had a selective loss of semantic memory
C)   suffered from impairments in episodic and semantic memory

Question 7

Cellular consolidation involves the phosphorylation of ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   NMDA receptors
B)   ERK/MAPK
C)   ARC

Question 8

What is memory reconsolidation, and what purpose does it serve?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is memory reconsolidation, and what purpose...

Question 9

Iconic memory lasts for ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   less than 1 second
B)   1-10 seconds
C)   longer than 10 seconds

Question 10

Lesions to the hippocampus impair ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   fear conditioning to a tone
B)   spatial learning in the water maze
C)   semantic memory

Question 11

How does the brain store memories over long periods of time?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How does the brain store memories over...

Question 12

In blocking, the previously conditioned stimulus ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   is blocked from producing a conditioned response by a co-presented stimulus
B)   prevents learning about a new co-presented stimulus
C)   elicits a prediction error

Question 13

Anisomycin ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   impairs long-term memory
B)   impairs short-term memory
C)   prevents memory acquisition

Question 14

The brain can be reversibly inactivated by ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   activating glutamate receptors
B)   activating sodium channels
C)   activating GABA receptors

Question 15

Associative long-term potentiation ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   only occurs in the amygdala
B)   occurs in the cerebellum
C)   is achieved by stimulation of one input pathway

Question 16

The Urbach-Wiethe disease ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   involves damage to the hippocampus
B)   impairs fear conditioning
C)   impairs episodic memory

Question 17

Multiple trace theory ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   suggests that the hippocampus is always required for episodic memory
B)   suggests that the cortex is not involved in episodic memory
C)   proposes that a memory has to be learned multiple times in order to be remembered

Question 18

A brain area can be correlated with memory using ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   fMRI
B)   TMS
C)   lesions

Question 19

Semantic memory ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   is dissociable from episodic memory
B)   is a form of non-declarative memory
C)   involves the recollection of past experiences

Question 20

In systems consolidation, the hippocampus ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   loses its associations over time
B)   makes associations more quickly than the cortex
C)   is disconnected from the cortex

Exam 4: The Importance of Experience: Learning and Memory