Describe the Processes of Generalization, Discrimination, Extinction, Spontaneous Recovery, and Higher-Order

Question

Examlex · Accepted Answer

The Answer is In classical conditioning, generalization is the tendency for a conditioned response to be evoked by stimuli that are similar to the conditioned stimulus. For example, if a dog has been conditioned to salivate at the sound of a bell, it may also salivate at the sound of a similar bell. Discrimination, on the other hand, is the ability to differentiate between a conditioned stimulus and other similar stimuli. For instance, if a dog has been conditioned to salivate at the sound of a specific bell, it may not salivate at the sound of a different bell.

Extinction occurs when the conditioned response decreases or disappears when the conditioned stimulus is repeatedly presented without the unconditioned stimulus. For example, if a dog has been conditioned to salivate at the sound of a bell, but the bell is repeatedly rung without presenting food, the dog may eventually stop salivating at the sound of the bell. Spontaneous recovery is the reappearance of a previously extinguished conditioned response after a period of rest. For instance, if the bell is not presented for a while and then is rung again, the dog may start salivating at the sound of the bell.

In operant conditioning, higher-order conditioning occurs when a neutral stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus through association with an already established conditioned stimulus. For example, if a rat has been conditioned to press a lever for food, a light may be paired with the lever so that eventually the rat will press the lever in response to the light alone.

Overall, these processes illustrate how organisms learn to respond to stimuli in their environment through classical and operant conditioning, and how their responses can change over time through various processes such as generalization, discrimination, extinction, spontaneous recovery, and higher-order conditioning.

Describe the Processes of Generalization, Discrimination, Extinction, Spontaneous Recovery, and Higher-Order

Essay

Correct Answer:
Answered by ExamLex AI

Describe the Processes of Generalization, Discrimination, Extinction, Spontaneous Recovery, and Higher-Order

Essay

Correct Answer:Answered by ExamLex AIShow Answer

Correct Answer:
Answered by ExamLex AI