Question 1

While standing at a craps table, Ronaldo has an involved routine he must perform before he rolls the dice. He did this one and won $100 on a single roll, so now he feels that he must do it before every roll. This belief that a relationship exists between his actions and the outcome of each roll demonstrates a(n) ________ correlation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of While standing at a craps table, Ronaldo...

Question 2

A student is identified by her teachers as being very academically gifted, and the administration anticipates that she would do well in the school's advanced studies program. This is an example of which goal in psychology?

Accepted Answer

A)  description 
B)  explanation 
C)  prediction 
D)  change

Question 3

Dr. Andreissen is interested in studying why individuals with antisocial personality disorder commit crimes and hurt others without feeling any remorse. On which goal of psychology is Dr. Andreissen focused?

Accepted Answer

A)  description 
B)  explanation 
C)  prediction 
D)  change

Question 4

Only when scientists do the same thing and arrive at the same conclusion can we create a shared knowledge that we call ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  objective 
B)  constructive 
C)  prospective 
D)  introspective

Question 5

The individual credited with establishing the school of thought called functionalism is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  William James 
B)  G. Stanley Hall 
C)  Fritz Perls 
D)  Sigmund Freud

Question 6

Which psychological perspective emphasized processes such as thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating?

Accepted Answer

A)  cognitive 
B)  Gestalt 
C)  concept formation 
D)  information-processing

Question 7

Dr. Wasserman focuses on objective, observable behavior rather than on dynamic unconscious influences, which is consistent with which school of psychology?

Accepted Answer

A)  behaviorist 
B)  cognitive 
C)  developmentalist 
D)  conditionalist

Question 8

Which is the stronger correlation, -1.00 or +1.00?

Accepted Answer

A)  +1.00 
B)  They are of equal strength. 
C)  -1.00 
D)  A correlation of -1.00 does not exist.

Question 9

Applied research is best defined as research that explores ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  unique problems applicable to an individual person in a laboratory setting 
B)  practical problems outside the laboratory in real-world settings 
C)  problems that apply to a controlled laboratory setting 
D)  problems that address the mind-body principle

Question 10

Stimuli other than independent variables that may affect the outcome of the study and lead to erroneous conclusions are called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  random variables 
B)  placebos 
C)  confounding variables 
D)  external variables

Question 11

In what year was the first scientific laboratory of psychology established in Leipzig, Germany?

Accepted Answer

A)  1659 
B)  1879 
C)  1951 
D)  1764

Question 12

Dr. Jonas wants to determine how concerned incoming students are about security on campus and sends a link to online questions about this topic to a sample of new students. Which method is Dr. Jonas using?

Accepted Answer

A)  a case study 
B)  naturalistic observation 
C)  an experiment 
D)  a survey

Question 13

List and define the three scientific principles that are important in the quest for replication.

Accepted Answer

The answer of List and define the three scientific principles...

Question 14

The Supreme Court's decision in the 1954 Brown v. Board of Education ruling addressing racial segregation in public schools was directly influenced by the work of which researchers?

Accepted Answer

A)  Kenneth and Mamie Clark 
B)  Antonio and Hanna Damasio 
C)  Catherine and Alex Haslam 
D)  Uta and Chris Frith

Question 15

Dr. Alice Krostom responds to radio listeners who call in with relationship problems by using mostly her own common sense, beliefs, and values rather than scientific research. Although she does not claim to be a licensed psychotherapist, she calls herself "Dr. Alice" on the show. Only at the very beginning of the show does the announcer note that her doctorate is an honorary doctorate in communication from a little-known school. This type of psychological counseling would BEST be described as ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  evidence-based 
B)  pseudopsychology 
C)  cybertherapy 
D)  managed care

Question 16

The educational institution that refused to grant a degree to Mary Calkins because she was a woman was ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  The College of William and Mary 
B)  Harvard University 
C)  Bryn Mawr College 
D)  Haverford University

Question 17

According to your text, what does APA stand for?

Accepted Answer

A)  American Psychological Association 
B)  Association of Psychological Principles for America 
C)  American Psychoanalytic Alliance 
D)  Association of People for Animals

Question 18

What are some ways that you as a researcher might be able to reduce the likelihood of social desirability bias in participants?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are some ways that you as...

Question 19

Dr. Wagge is interested in how students of different races and ethnicities perceive their likelihood of professional success after they graduate. With what perspective does Dr. Wagge's research best align?

Accepted Answer

A)  experimental 
B)  developmental 
C)  cognitive 
D)  sociocultural

Question 20

When a researcher is watching and recording the interactions between members of a gorilla group in the wild, the researcher is conducting a(n) ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  animal husbandry survey 
B)  quasi-experiment 
C)  introspection study 
D)  naturalistic observation

Exam 1: The Science of Psychology