Question 1

Despite major advances in medicine and public health, disparities persist by race, ethnicity, income and educational attainment. These disparities are driven, both directly and indirectly by:

Accepted Answer

A)   The healthcare system's ability provide care and contain costs.
B)   Gender bias, stereotyping, unconscious bias and structural racism.
C)   Healthcare advances.
D)   Medical-legal partnerships. B

Question 2

Cultural competency is best described as:

Accepted Answer

A)   A means to reduce health disparities by recognizing and documenting cultural differences.
B)   Physicians having the capacity to function effectively when interacting with staff and patients, in the absence of cultural beliefs and behaviors.
C)   Providing linguistically appropriate care and translation services to patients.
D)   A set of congruent behaviors, attitudes, and policies that come together in a system, agency, or among professionals that enables effective work in cross-cultural situations. C

Question 3

Structural Racism is best defined as:

Accepted Answer

A)   A healthcare system's policies on care for those patients without adequate financial resources.
B)   The totality of ways in which societies foster racial discrimination through mutually reinforcing systems of housing, education, employment, earnings, benefits, credit, media, healthcare and criminal justice.
C)   Societal efforts to improve healthcare access and address economic inequalities.
D)   The totality of ways community infrastructure is built, funded, and regulated. B

Question 4

Which statements are true?

Accepted Answer

A)   Access to clinical care and healthcare quality are the most important predictors of health.
B)   Social and economic factors, including education, employment, income, family, social support, and community safety, impact health.
C)   Health behavior, social and economic factors, and the physical environment combined have a greater influence on health than access to clinical care.
D)   Health insurance status and healthcare access do not influence health outcomes.

Question 5

The best definition of Health Disparities is:

Accepted Answer

A)   Unequal access to care based on income and geographic location.
B)   The social, educational, economic impact on a community's access to healthcare.
C)   Current and historical discriminatory policies and actions.
D)   The differences in health outcomes and their causes among groups of people.

Question 6

Health literacy is best addressed by:

Accepted Answer

A)   Taking a 'universal precautions' approach to avoid assumptions about patients' health literacy.
B)   Using plain language on all forms, training all healthcare professionals and health systems about health literacy and communication policies, services, and practices.
C)   Speaking loudly and slowly to anyone with an accent.
D)   Asking patients to come to the hospital with an advocate who has high health literacy.

Question 7

The Social Determinants of Health are:

Accepted Answer

A)   Chosen by individual.
B)   Not sensitive to public health interventions.
C)   The conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work, play and age.
D)   Assure the attainment of the highest level of health for all people.

Question 8

The best definition of Health Equity is:

Accepted Answer

A)   Equal access to care for all people.
B)   Access to insurance or affordable care for all people.
C)   Uniform and quality care for all people.
D)   The attainment of the highest level of health for all people.

Question 9

While health policy makers and thought leaders are increasingly interested in addressing the Social Determinants of Health as a means to improve quality of care and reduce healthcare costs, their ability to do so hinges on:

Accepted Answer

A)   The patient's willingness to participate in research.
B)   Efforts to understand how best to assess and address the non-clinical factors that impact health.
C)   The hospital's and primary care center's ability to avoid admissions.
D)   Private insurance.

Question 10

In order to provide equitable and accessible care to communities, healthcare organizations must:

Accepted Answer

A)   Identify and address the social determinants of health.
B)   Provide multidisciplinary team approaches to delivery of healthcare.
C)   Seek input from the communities they serve.
D)   All of the above.

Exam 3: On the Path to Health Equity