Question 1

A radical perspective on ethics suggests that:

Accepted Answer

A)   Researchers can do anything they want
B)   The use of checklists of ethical actions is essential
C)   The powers of Institutional Review Boards should be strengthened
D)   Ethics should be based on self-reflexivity D

Question 2

A researcher designs an experiment to test how variables interact to influence job-seeking behaviours. The main purpose of the study was:

Accepted Answer

A)   Description
B)   Prediction
C)   Exploration
D)   Explanation D

Question 3

Research that seeks to examine the findings of a study by using the same design but a different sample is which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   An exploratory study
B)   A replication study
C)   An empirical study
D)   Hypothesis testing B

Question 4

Which research approach is based on the epistemological viewpoint of pragmatism?

Accepted Answer

A)   Quantitative research
B)   Qualitative research
C)   Mixed-methods research
D)   All of the above

Question 5

How much confidence should you place in a single research study?

Accepted Answer

A)   You should trust research findings after different researchers have replicated the findings
B)   You should completely trust a single research study
C)   Neither a nor b
D)   Both a and b

Question 6

Which of the following is a good research question?

Accepted Answer

A)   To produce a report on student job searching behaviours
B)   To identify the relationship between self-efficacy and student job searching behaviours
C)   Students with higher levels of self-efficacy will demonstrate more active job searching behaviours
D)   Do students with high levels of self-efficacy demonstrate more active job searching behaviours?

Question 7

Which research method is a bottom-up approach to research?

Accepted Answer

A)   Deductive method
B)   Explanatory method
C)   Inductive method
D)   Exploratory method

Question 8

Sometimes a comprehensive review of the literature prior to data collection is not recommended by:

Accepted Answer

A)   Ethnomethodology
B)   Grounded theory
C)   Symbolic interactionism
D)   Feminist theory

Question 9

Ethical problems can arise when researching the Internet because:

Accepted Answer

A)   Everyone has access to digital media
B)   Respondents may fake their identities
C)   Researchers may fake their identities
D)   Internet research has to be covert

Question 10

Adopting ethical principles in research means:

Accepted Answer

A)   Avoiding harm to participants
B)   The researcher is anonymous
C)   Deception is only used when necessary
D)   Selected informants give their consent

Question 11

Research hypotheses are:

Accepted Answer

A)   Formulated prior to a review of the literature
B)   Statements of predicted relationships between variables
C)   B but not A
D)   Both A and B

Question 12

The Kappa statistic:

Accepted Answer

A)   Is a measure of inter-judge validity
B)   Compares the level of agreement between two judges against what might have been predicted by chance
C)   Ranges from 0 to +1
D)   Is acceptable above a score of 0.5

Question 13

Cyber bullying at work is a growing threat to employee job satisfaction. Researchers want to find out why people do this and how they feel about it. The primary purpose of the study is:

Accepted Answer

A)   Description
B)   Prediction
C)   Exploration
D)   Explanation

Question 14

A qualitative research problem statement:

Accepted Answer

A)   Specifies the research methods to be utilized
B)   Specifies a research hypothesis
C)   Expresses a relationship between variables
D)   Conveys a sense of emerging design

Question 15

Research that uses qualitative methods for one phase and quantitative methods for the next phase is known as:

Accepted Answer

A)   Action research
B)   Mixed-method research
C)   Quantitative research
D)   Pragmatic research

Question 16

Which of the following should not be a criterion for a good research project?

Accepted Answer

A)   Demonstrates the abilities of the researcher
B)   Is dependent on the completion of other projects
C)   Demonstrates the integration of different fields of knowledge
D)   Develops the skills of the researcher

Question 17

A review of the literature prior to formulating research questions allows the researcher to:

Accepted Answer

A)   Provide an up-to-date understanding of the subject, its significance, and structure
B)   Guide the development of research questions
C)   Present the kinds of research methodologies used in previous studies
D)   All of the above

Question 18

A theory:

Accepted Answer

A)   Is an accumulated body of knowledge
B)   Includes inconsequential ideas
C)   Is independent of research methodology
D)   Should be viewed uncritically

Exam 1: Part A: Principles and Planning for Research