When Assessing Whether a Mistake in Case Processing Constituted a Harmless

Multiple Choice

When assessing whether a mistake in case processing constituted a harmless error, this approach has the appeals court review case records for the purpose of assessing the factual guilt or innocence of the defendant in light of untainted evidence admitted into the record:

A) Effect-of-the-verdict approach
B) Guilt-based approach
C) Negotiated-justice approach
D) Batting-average approach