Question 1

Michael Davis | Professional Responsibility: Just Following the Rules?
Davis criticizes the view that professional responsibility goes beyond merely following the rules of one's code of ethics by necessarily involving certain character virtues. Rather, if a code of ethics is well-written, following these rules means that a professional is acting responsibly. He discusses seven different interpretations of "just following the rules": blind obedience, strict obedience, malicious obedience, negligent obedience, accidental obedience, stupid obedience, concluding with a positive discussion of interpretative obedience.
-In accidental obedience,

Accepted Answer

A)  there is a failure to follow the rule for the right reason. 
B)  due care is never achieved. 
C)  the rules of good practice are properly understood. 
D)  the motivation for following a rule is never greed or fear of punishment.

Question 2

Samuel Gorovitz | Good Doctors
According to Gorovitz, medical schools ought to impart not just technical knowledge but also ethical values and practical experience. He offers a number of suggestions on how best to achieve this goal to ensure that future doctors are equipped not only with the best of current knowledge and skills but also with the moral sensitivity necessary to communicate well with patients in complex situations.
-Unlike Plato, Aristotle felt that right action flows from one's ___________, not from understanding alone.

Accepted Answer

A)  will 
B)  motivation 
C)  intellect 
D)  imagination

Question 3

Bayles argues that professionals have the privilege of practicing their work as opposed to having a right to practice. Do you agree? Why or why not?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Bayles argues that professionals have the privilege...

Question 4

Samuel Gorovitz | Good Doctors
According to Gorovitz, medical schools ought to impart not just technical knowledge but also ethical values and practical experience. He offers a number of suggestions on how best to achieve this goal to ensure that future doctors are equipped not only with the best of current knowledge and skills but also with the moral sensitivity necessary to communicate well with patients in complex situations.
-The film of the badly burned victim focuses on which of the following ethical issues?

Accepted Answer

A)  beginning-of-life issues 
B)  stem cell research 
C)  the right to refuse treatment 
D)  the allocation of medical resources

Question 5

Michael Davis | Professional Responsibility: Just Following the Rules?
Davis criticizes the view that professional responsibility goes beyond merely following the rules of one's code of ethics by necessarily involving certain character virtues. Rather, if a code of ethics is well-written, following these rules means that a professional is acting responsibly. He discusses seven different interpretations of "just following the rules": blind obedience, strict obedience, malicious obedience, negligent obedience, accidental obedience, stupid obedience, concluding with a positive discussion of interpretative obedience.
-Which of the following defines blind obedience?

Accepted Answer

A)  when we allow our own judgment to be short-circuited by someone else's 
B)  when there is a division of labor among those giving and those following a rule 
C)  doing what the rule says without concern for context or consequence 
D)  when there is understanding about what the rule means and how it functions as a guide to conduct

Question 6

Wasserstrom believes that lawyers should be more rather than less moral in fulfilling their duties toward clients and presents a number of reasons in support of this thesis. Present his argument clearly, stating these supporting reasons, and discuss whether or not you are in agreement with the author and why.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Wasserstrom believes that lawyers should be more...

Question 7

Joanne B. Ciulla | What Is Good Leadership?
Ciulla discusses the importance have having both an ethical and an effective leader and why it is often difficult to find both qualities in the same individual. When one is emphasized without the other, a leader may have moral character but not be able to effect genuine change or be able to produce end results by questionable means.
-Good leaders do NOT require

Accepted Answer

A)  humility. 
B)  self-righteousness. 
C)  help from people who will tell them the truth. 
D)  the ability to admit wrong.

Question 8

Henry Mintzberg | The Professional Organization
Mintzberg first discusses the basic structure and uniqueness of professional organizations and how they differ from machine bureaucracies and innovative organizations. He then presents various forms and models of professional organizations. Finally, he shows how the characteristics of being both democratic and autonomous can lead to favorable as well as unfavorable conditions among professionals.
-Which of the following models describes a professional organization built on common interest as the guiding force, in which decision-making is by consensus?

Accepted Answer

A)  the garbage can model 
B)  the political model 
C)  the collegial model 
D)  the craft enterprise model

Question 9

Samuel Gorovitz | Good Doctors
According to Gorovitz, medical schools ought to impart not just technical knowledge but also ethical values and practical experience. He offers a number of suggestions on how best to achieve this goal to ensure that future doctors are equipped not only with the best of current knowledge and skills but also with the moral sensitivity necessary to communicate well with patients in complex situations.
-Since physicians are often asked to provide expertise in matters of public policy, they also need to have been trained in ___________ responsibility.

Accepted Answer

A)  surgical 
B)  technical 
C)  historical 
D)  social

Question 10

Michael Davis | Professional Responsibility: Just Following the Rules?
Davis criticizes the view that professional responsibility goes beyond merely following the rules of one's code of ethics by necessarily involving certain character virtues. Rather, if a code of ethics is well-written, following these rules means that a professional is acting responsibly. He discusses seven different interpretations of "just following the rules": blind obedience, strict obedience, malicious obedience, negligent obedience, accidental obedience, stupid obedience, concluding with a positive discussion of interpretative obedience.
-Malicious obedience is

Accepted Answer

A)  an unconscious failure to take reasonable care in interpreting the rules. 
B)  a conscious failure to take reasonable care in interpreting the rules. 
C)  understanding that rules cannot always anticipate special cases. 
D)  taking reasonable care in interpreting the rules.

Question 11

Michael Davis | Professional Responsibility: Just Following the Rules?
Davis criticizes the view that professional responsibility goes beyond merely following the rules of one's code of ethics by necessarily involving certain character virtues. Rather, if a code of ethics is well-written, following these rules means that a professional is acting responsibly. He discusses seven different interpretations of "just following the rules": blind obedience, strict obedience, malicious obedience, negligent obedience, accidental obedience, stupid obedience, concluding with a positive discussion of interpretative obedience.
-Each type of rule-following acknowledges that rules must be interpreted in some way EXCEPT ___________ obedience.

Accepted Answer

A)  blind 
B)  malicious 
C)  strict 
D)  accidental

Question 12

Henry Mintzberg | The Professional Organization
Mintzberg first discusses the basic structure and uniqueness of professional organizations and how they differ from machine bureaucracies and innovative organizations. He then presents various forms and models of professional organizations. Finally, he shows how the characteristics of being both democratic and autonomous can lead to favorable as well as unfavorable conditions among professionals.
-Change in professional organizations may be brought about best by calling on professionals' sense of

Accepted Answer

A)  individual freedom. 
B)  hierarchy of power. 
C)  technocratic control. 
D)  public responsibility.

Question 13

Samuel Gorovitz | Good Doctors
According to Gorovitz, medical schools ought to impart not just technical knowledge but also ethical values and practical experience. He offers a number of suggestions on how best to achieve this goal to ensure that future doctors are equipped not only with the best of current knowledge and skills but also with the moral sensitivity necessary to communicate well with patients in complex situations.
-Gorovitz believes that medical education fails to incorporate sufficient training in the ___________ that arise in the practice of medicine.

Accepted Answer

A)  technical skills 
B)  textbook facts 
C)  ethical issues 
D)  specialized areas

Question 14

Case 1.3: Michael C. Loui, "The Professional Engineer"
-Individual characteristics, such as accuracy and independence, are listed alongside team-building skills, such as collaboration and good communication. How would you incorporate these disparate characteristics into the professional training of an engineer?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Case 1.3: Michael C. Loui, "The Professional...

Question 15

Michael D. Bayles | The Professions
In this reading, Bayles discusses the characteristics of being a professional and the complex relationship between generally autonomous professionals and their supervisors. He distinguishes between consulting and scholarly professions, concluding with a discussion of how professions monopolize services in order to keep out untrained practitioners.
-Professional associations and organizations differ from trade unions in that they

Accepted Answer

A)  are devoted primarily to members' economic interests. 
B)  develop ethical codes to ensure fulfillment of the relevant service. 
C)  seek to advance all goals of the profession, including members' economic interests. 
D)  seek to advance safety, efficiency, and justice within the profession.

Question 16

Joanne B. Ciulla | What Is Good Leadership?
Ciulla discusses the importance have having both an ethical and an effective leader and why it is often difficult to find both qualities in the same individual. When one is emphasized without the other, a leader may have moral character but not be able to effect genuine change or be able to produce end results by questionable means.
-Whereas earlier authors upheld the moral virtues of leaders over their personality traits, by the twentieth century, scholars

Accepted Answer

A)  stressed intention over results. 
B)  focused more on the personality traits of leaders than their ethics. 
C)  focused more on the virtues needed for leading a good life. 
D)  argued that good ethics were necessary for success in business.

Question 17

Henry Mintzberg | The Professional Organization
Mintzberg first discusses the basic structure and uniqueness of professional organizations and how they differ from machine bureaucracies and innovative organizations. He then presents various forms and models of professional organizations. Finally, he shows how the characteristics of being both democratic and autonomous can lead to favorable as well as unfavorable conditions among professionals.
-Resistance to innovation by professionals is due to their

Accepted Answer

A)  reluctance to work individually. 
B)  reluctance to cooperate with each other. 
C)  tendency to think inductively. 
D)  tendency to see the general in the specific.

Question 18

Stovall discusses the relationship between being professionally virtuous and having a flourishing and successful career, understood as following from Aristotle's model of the ethical virtues. Do you agree with his assessment? Why or why not?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Stovall discusses the relationship between being professionally...

Question 19

Richard A. Wasserstrom | Lawyers as Professionals: Some Moral Issues
Wasserstrom discusses moral issues that arise when examining the lawyer-client relationship, focusing in particular on role-differentiated behavior among professionals. Providing a number of supporting reasons, he makes a case for a type of "deprofessionalizing" the legal profession that would counter the effects of the usual paternalistic and impersonal relationship between lawyers and clients.
-Wasserstrom examines all of the following ethical criticisms of lawyers, EXCEPT their

Accepted Answer

A)  morally objectionable and dominant role with clients. 
B)  impersonal, paternalistic behavior toward clients. 
C)  systematically amoral dealings with the rest of mankind. 
D)  collegial partnership with clients.

Question 20

Henry Mintzberg | The Professional Organization
Mintzberg first discusses the basic structure and uniqueness of professional organizations and how they differ from machine bureaucracies and innovative organizations. He then presents various forms and models of professional organizations. Finally, he shows how the characteristics of being both democratic and autonomous can lead to favorable as well as unfavorable conditions among professionals.
-In which type of organization do the workers appear to manage their bosses?

Accepted Answer

A)  the machine organization. 
B)  the innovative organization. 
C)  the professional organization. 
D)  the top-down organization.

Exam 1: What Is It to Be a Professional the Professions, Leadership, and Work

Bayles argues that professionals have the privilege of practicing their work as opposed to having a right to practice. Do you agree? Why or why not?

Stovall discusses the relationship between being professionally virtuous and having a flourishing and successful career, understood as following from Aristotle's model of the ethical virtues. Do you agree with his assessment? Why or why not?