Which of the Following Are Criticisms of Lord Hoffmann's Approach

Multiple Choice

Which of the following are criticisms of Lord Hoffmann's approach to interpretation in cases such as Investors Compensation Scheme and Chartbrook? Please select all that apply.

A) The modern approach blurs the boundary between interpretation and rectification.
B) The modern approach undermines commercial certainty.
C) The modern approach makes litigation more expensive.
D) The modern approach is too rigid and leads to harsh results.