How Did the Privy Council in the Eurymedon Overcome the Difficult

Multiple Choice

How did the Privy Council in The Eurymedon overcome the difficult question of consideration in order to hold that the stevedores could rely on the exemption clauses in the bill of lading?

A) The bill of lading expressly provided that the stevedores could rely on the exemption clauses.
B) As agents of the carrier who was party to the bill of lading, the stevedores did not need to provide consideration to benefit from the exemption clauses.
C) A fiction of a 'collateral contract' between the shipper and stevedores was employed, under which the stevedores provided consideration.
D) None of the options provided is correct.