Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a criteria for designating a group as a transnational gang?

Accepted Answer

A)   The gang must operate in more than one country.
B)   The gang's criminal activity is unorganized and unsophisticated.
C)   The gang may plan an offense in one country and commit it in another.
D)   The gang is able to adapt to new areas. B

Question 2

According to the text, which are the primary objectives for gang typologies and assessments?

Accepted Answer

A)   identifying violent gangs
B)   collecting and organizing data
C)   comparing gang problems across jurisdictions
D)   insight to influence intervention strategies A, D

Question 3

All of the following are components of R. M. Gordon's (1994) age-graded continuum of social and criminal groups EXCEPT ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   "childhood playgroups" are harmless
B)   "youth/street gangs" commit more serious crimes than "delinquent groups"
C)   "delinquent groups" are synonymous with "youth subculture groups"
D)   "taggers" are often mistaken for gang members C

Question 4

Starter gangs tend to form among aggressive and alienated children.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

According to the text, most youth who join gangs do so during ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   elementary school
B)   middle school
C)   high school
D)   college

Question 6

Strictly speaking, both the 18th Street and Mara Salvatrucha (MS-13) gangs meet criteria to be considered transnational gangs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a key element of gang definitions?

Accepted Answer

A)   continuous association
B)   leadership
C)   shared identity
D)   any criminal behavior

Question 8

Which of the following are examples of crimes that would most likely be committed by "transitional" gang members in Valdez's study?

Accepted Answer

A)   a gang rape
B)   stealing a smart phone from a pedestrian
C)   selling crack cocaine
D)   trafficking cocaine across state lines

Question 9

Age-graded cliques are a fundamental element of gangs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which of the following are names of 18th Street cliques, or "klikas?"

Accepted Answer

A)   Pico Gardens
B)   Continentals
C)   Sinners
D)   Freemont Hustlers

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT an example of a typical crime committed by a "street gang?"

Accepted Answer

A)   a double murder
B)   engaging in a tagging battle
C)   a car-jacking
D)   trafficking of illegal firearms

Question 12

Gang typologies are simple to formulate, as the structure, membership, and behavior of gangs is relatively similar.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Which of the following is another name for a gang member who associates with a gang but may never formally join?

Accepted Answer

A)   organized gang member
B)   affiliate
C)   peripheral gang member
D)   delinquent

Question 14

Which of the following are NOT examples of a behavior that the federal government would define as a "gang crime"?

Accepted Answer

A)   A gang member whose last felony assault arrest was 3 years ago.
B)   A gang member who has had three consecutive misdemeanor marijuana possession arrests in the last 5 years.
C)   A gang member who has been arrested on felony cocaine charges with a maximum penalty of 5 years in prison.
D)   A gang member who has been arrested on a felony cocaine charge with a minimum penalty of 5 years in prison.

Question 15

How has the association between race/ethnicity and gang membership changed over time? Discuss contemporary findings relating to myths about race/ethnicity and gang members.

Accepted Answer

The answer of How has the association between race/ethnicity and...

Question 16

Name and describe a reason why gangs use graffiti. Explain how this reason exemplifies why gang graffiti is often called the "gangland's newspaper."

Accepted Answer

The answer of Name and describe a reason why gangs...

Question 17

Gangs of which ethnicity in the Southwest are especially known for their unique subculture?

Accepted Answer

A)   Vietnamese
B)   Dominican
C)   Filipino
D)   Mexican

Question 18

Many challenges to the Eurogang Network definition of "gangs" take issue with its broad definition that tends to overclassify large segments of the youth population.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Which type of gang is least likely to develop into a long-running (10+ years) organization?

Accepted Answer

A)   youth/street gangs
B)   youth subculture groups
C)   gang nations
D)   starter gangs

Question 20

It is more common for state law to define "gang members" than "gangs."

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 3: Defining Gangs and Gang Members

Which of the following is NOT a criteria for designating a group as a transnational gang?

According to the text, which are the primary objectives for gang typologies and assessments?

All of the following are components of R. M. Gordon's (1994) age-graded continuum of social and criminal groups EXCEPT ______.

Starter gangs tend to form among aggressive and alienated children.

According to the text, most youth who join gangs do so during ______.

Strictly speaking, both the 18th Street and Mara Salvatrucha (MS-13) gangs meet criteria to be considered transnational gangs.

Which of the following is NOT a key element of gang definitions?

Which of the following are examples of crimes that would most likely be committed by "transitional" gang members in Valdez's study?

Age-graded cliques are a fundamental element of gangs.

Which of the following are names of 18th Street cliques, or "klikas?"

Which of the following is NOT an example of a typical crime committed by a "street gang?"

Gang typologies are simple to formulate, as the structure, membership, and behavior of gangs is relatively similar.

Which of the following is another name for a gang member who associates with a gang but may never formally join?

Which of the following are NOT examples of a behavior that the federal government would define as a "gang crime"?

How has the association between race/ethnicity and gang membership changed over time? Discuss contemporary findings relating to myths about race/ethnicity and gang members.

Name and describe a reason why gangs use graffiti. Explain how this reason exemplifies why gang graffiti is often called the "gangland's newspaper."

Gangs of which ethnicity in the Southwest are especially known for their unique subculture?

Many challenges to the Eurogang Network definition of "gangs" take issue with its broad definition that tends to overclassify large segments of the youth population.

Which type of gang is least likely to develop into a long-running (10+ years) organization?

It is more common for state law to define "gang members" than "gangs."