Question 1

Which is not a criminological objection to biosocial theories?

Accepted Answer

A)   There can't be any genes for crime because crime is socially constructed.
B)   Biosocial theories are deterministic and socially dangerous.
C)   Biological theories tend to be insensitive to people's feelings.
D)   Society might commit too many resources to the rehabilitation of delinquents and adult offenders. D

Question 2

Biological theories of crime seek to provide a _____ explanation for the actions of offenders.

Accepted Answer

A)   psychological
B)   sociological
C)   physical
D)   political C

Question 3

This research instrument has been found to be accurate in distinguishing offenders from non-offenders.

Accepted Answer

A)   I.Q. testing
B)   psychoanalytic evaluation
C)   Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory
D)   all of the above C

Question 4

According to Kohlberg, human beings develop ethical behavior all at once during infancy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Many experts have serious reservations about Freud's perspective. Which is not one of these?

Accepted Answer

A)   Freud's components of the personality are difficult to measure.
B)   Freud's contention that personality is fixed in early childhood and never really changes
C)   Freud's understanding of women is a product of the social environment of 19th-century Europe.
D)   Freud's idea that infants go through six stages of sensorimotor development

Question 6

Which is a general term for male hormones?

Accepted Answer

A)   testosterone
B)   endocrines
C)   androgens
D)   estrogens

Question 7

This consists of emotional and behavioral problems that occur in children and adolescents, and may involve defiant or impulsive behavior, drug use, or criminal activity. It is linked to child abuse, parental drug or alcohol abuse, family conflicts, genetic defects, and poverty.

Accepted Answer

A)   conduct disorder
B)   intellectual disorder
C)   psychopathy
D)   panic disorder

Question 8

Some biosocial theories assert that crime might be an adaptation that, while harming society, allows individuals to survive and reproduce.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory has been found to be accurate in distinguishing offenders from non-offenders.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

This idea that the shape of the skull indicated personality was mainly promoted by Franz Joseph Gall.

Accepted Answer

A)   somatotypes
B)   body-type theory
C)   neuroscience
D)   phrenology

Question 11

A study of adolescent male delinquents did find that the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory for adolescents could predict some violent juvenile offending.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

A gene or groups of genes can directly cause antisocial behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Early attempts to link heredity and genetics to crime relied on the use of _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   bumps on the head
B)   eugenics
C)   family trees
D)   atavisms

Question 14

According to Kohlberg's theory of moral development, a person's ability to make moral judgments means that he or she will automatically engage in moral behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Who originated the intelligence test and the concept of mental age?

Accepted Answer

A)   Binet
B)   Gilligan
C)   Darwin
D)   Piaget

Question 16

Which is not one of Freud's three aspects of the personality?

Accepted Answer

A)   id
B)   superego
C)   ergo
D)   All of the above are Freud's aspects of the personality.

Question 17

According to Gilligan, which is a stage in girls' moral development?

Accepted Answer

A)   orientation through individual survival
B)   morality of nonviolence
C)   goodness as self-sacrifice
D)   all of the above

Question 18

Freud's specific contention that _____ is a major feature of the study of juvenile delinquency.

Accepted Answer

A)   females are passive, inherently jealous, and inferior to men
B)   various attributes of the personality are products of heredity
C)   personality is formed in childhood
D)   all of the above

Question 19

According to _____, some people are more sensitive to their environments than others, and some studies have found that this difference can be observed in their genes.

Accepted Answer

A)   Piaget's hypothesis
B)   comparative advantage hypothesis
C)   Riemann hypothesis
D)   differential susceptibility hypothesis

Question 20

In children, this is defined as a pattern of disobedient, hostile, and defiant behavior toward authority figures.

Accepted Answer

A)   psychopathy
B)   oppositional defiant disorder
C)   sociopathy
D)   empathy

Exam 4: Biological and Psychological Theories of Delinquency

Which is not a criminological objection to biosocial theories?

Biological theories of crime seek to provide a _____ explanation for the actions of offenders.

This research instrument has been found to be accurate in distinguishing offenders from non-offenders.

According to Kohlberg, human beings develop ethical behavior all at once during infancy.

Many experts have serious reservations about Freud's perspective. Which is not one of these?

Which is a general term for male hormones?

This consists of emotional and behavioral problems that occur in children and adolescents, and may involve defiant or impulsive behavior, drug use, or criminal activity. It is linked to child abuse, parental drug or alcohol abuse, family conflicts, genetic defects, and poverty.

Some biosocial theories assert that crime might be an adaptation that, while harming society, allows individuals to survive and reproduce.

The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory has been found to be accurate in distinguishing offenders from non-offenders.

This idea that the shape of the skull indicated personality was mainly promoted by Franz Joseph Gall.

A study of adolescent male delinquents did find that the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory for adolescents could predict some violent juvenile offending.

A gene or groups of genes can directly cause antisocial behavior.

Early attempts to link heredity and genetics to crime relied on the use of _____.

According to Kohlberg's theory of moral development, a person's ability to make moral judgments means that he or she will automatically engage in moral behavior.

Who originated the intelligence test and the concept of mental age?

Which is not one of Freud's three aspects of the personality?

According to Gilligan, which is a stage in girls' moral development?

Freud's specific contention that _____ is a major feature of the study of juvenile delinquency.

According to _____, some people are more sensitive to their environments than others, and some studies have found that this difference can be observed in their genes.

In children, this is defined as a pattern of disobedient, hostile, and defiant behavior toward authority figures.