Question 1

What is a Head Start program?

Accepted Answer

The Head Start program is a federally funded initiative in the United States that provides comprehensive early childhood education, health, nutrition, and parent involvement services to low-income children and their families. Established in 1965 as part of President Lyndon B. Johnson's War on Poverty, the program's primary goal is to foster stable family environments and promote long-term educational success for children from birth to age five.

Head Start services are designed to be responsive to each child's and family's ethnic, cultural, and linguistic heritage. The program emphasizes the role of parents as their child's first and most important teacher. Head Start helps build relationships with families that support positive parent-child interactions, family well-being, and connections to peers and community.

Head Start programs deliver a range of services, which can include:

1. Early Learning: Teachers provide activities that support children's cognitive, emotional, social, and physical development.
2. Health: Children receive health screenings, nutritional services, and oral health and mental health support.
3. Family Well-Being: Parents and families can access parenting support, education, and social services.
4. Services for Children with Disabilities: Head Start ensures that children with disabilities receive the support they need.

In addition to the traditional Head Start program, which primarily serves preschool-aged children, the Early Head Start program was established to serve pregnant women, infants, and toddlers. This expansion recognizes the need for early intervention and continuous support starting at a very young age to prepare children for success in school and life.

Head Start programs are administered by the Office of Head Start (OHS), within the Administration for Children and Families (ACF) of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Local agencies, including public and private non-profit organizations, and school systems operate Head Start programs in communities across the country.

Overall, Head Start is more than just a preschool program; it is a comprehensive child development program that has made a significant impact on millions of children and families in the United States, helping to level the playing field for children from low-income families.

Question 2

Ray Rist's participant observation research in a kindergarten classroom demonstrated that the teacher grouped the children so that the "fast learners" sat at table one,the "average learners" sat at table two,and the "slow learners" sat at table three.The children at table one received more attention from the teacher and were treated better than the others,and they came to see themselves as superior to the other children.What does this situation illustrate?

Accepted Answer

A)   the social exclusion effect
B)   the Flynn effect
C)   the self-fulfilling prophecy
D)   streaming outcomes C

Question 3

According to the textbook,from what does mass education arise?

Accepted Answer

A)   a class system
B)   globalization
C)   industrialization
D)   multiculturalism C

Question 4

Which students leave Canadian high schools earlier than others,not graduating?

Accepted Answer

A)   Aboriginal students
B)   French Canadian students
C)   European immigrant students
D)   black students

Question 5

Describe what accounts for the spread of mass schooling.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe what accounts for the spread of...

Question 6

Around 1900,which two countries were the first to create systems of universal education for youth?

Accepted Answer

A)   Germany and France
B)   the United Kingdom and Ireland
C)   Italy and Japan
D)   Canada and the United States

Question 7

Why is education often a highly contested issue?

Accepted Answer

A)   because it has power to shape the future through how and what pupils are taught
B)   because it teaches pupils attitudes, preferences, and behaviours in line with separatism
C)   because it demonstrates how many pupils are educated to take on leadership roles in the future
D)   because it sorts pupils into three political streams: conservative, liberal, and social democratic

Question 8

Teens who wear brand-name clothing,can speak knowledgeably about travel and music,and who are savvy with the latest technological gadgets can be said to have more of which of the following in comparison with teens without these resources?

Accepted Answer

A)   cultural capital
B)   social capital
C)   economic capital
D)   political capital

Question 9

Rosalind is the star pupil in her biology class and has learned the curriculum so well that she has received an honours designation for her work.Which of the following terms best reflects her mastery of the principles of biology?

Accepted Answer

A)   educational attainment
B)   educational achievement
C)   educational mastery
D)   educational triumph

Question 10

Mass schooling is a traditional phenomenon and closely tied to feudalism and the effective management of an agrarian economy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Which of the following countries was one of the very first to link its national student body to the Internet?

Accepted Answer

A)   China
B)   France
C)   Canada
D)   Russia

Question 12

How was Canada able to maintain a universal system of mass education in the early years?

Accepted Answer

A)   by providing students who attended regularly with financial incentives
B)   by providing families of children who attended regularly with an allowance on a per-enrolled-child basis
C)   by creating laws that made attendance by children compulsory
D)   by creating small agricultural schools that taught farming education along with academic education

Question 13

In the 1960s,what were the children of immigrants who spoke neither French nor English called?

Accepted Answer

A)   unilinguists
B)   allophones
C)   sans culottes
D)   anti-linguists

Question 14

Given what is known about the effectiveness and desirability of virtual education,what is a likely outcome of the availability of online education?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is likely to mainly be given to the elite because of the expense of sophisticated computer technology.
B)   It is likely to be available to all equally, causing the first real democratizing of education.
C)   It is likely to be available mainly to poorer students who cannot afford private schools that still employ teachers.
D)   It is likely to fade out as people recognize that students at certain levels cannot teach themselves, even with facilitative assistance in the virtual classroom.

Question 15

Research shows that when parental income and education are taken into account,university participation rates of children are more strongly correlated with their parents' education levels than their income.Which of the following theories does this research support?

Accepted Answer

A)   Karl Marx's theory of economic capital
B)   Emile Durkheim's theory of social integration
C)   Randall Collin's theory of credential inflation
D)   Pierre Bourdieu's theory of cultural capital

Question 16

According to the textbook,why are schools unsuccessful in overcoming social class differences?

Accepted Answer

A)   because there are differences in intelligence and ability between classes
B)   because people are more comfortable remaining with their own class
C)   because students are assigned to differing educational experiences based on their perceived intelligence
D)   because many extracurricular educational opportunities cost money and are available to people based on ability to pay

Question 17

Students in Ben's science class are drilled on terms and formulas daily and if they are late for class for any reason,they must stay in at lunch,writing the formulas out perfectly 100 times.According to Bourdieu,what is Ben's class being subjected to?

Accepted Answer

A)   the hidden curriculum
B)   social exclusion
C)   pedagogic violence
D)   a rote tribunal

Question 18

What is credential inflation?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is credential inflation?...

Question 19

In Canada in 1900,who had an enrolment in primary education of approximately 90 percent?

Accepted Answer

A)   primary school girls
B)   Asian immigrants
C)   Indigenous children
D)   trade unionists

Question 20

How did the introduction of the printing press lead to the expansion of mass education?

Accepted Answer

A)   It spread the influence of the priesthood.
B)   It spread the guild system beyond urban areas.
C)   It spread literacy beyond those with elite educations.
D)   It spread the elements of social reproduction and democracy.

Exam 17: Education