Question 1

Contraction of only the posterior portion of the temporalis muscle retrudes the mandible because this action also depresses the mandible.

Accepted Answer

A)   Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
B)   Both the statement and the reason are correct but are NOT related.
C)   The statement is correct, but the reason is NOT correct.
D)   The statement is NOT correct, but the reason is correct.
E)   NEITHER the statement NOR the reason is correct. C

Question 2

Involuntary contraction and spasms of the sternomastoid and trapezius muscles can be caused by migraine headaches. Some malocclusions can also cause such spasms.

Accepted Answer

A)   Both statements are true.
B)   The first statement is true; the second is false.
C)   The first statement is false; the second is true.
D)   Both statements are false. A

Question 3

The sternocleidomastoid muscle has an origin at the superior border of the scapula. When the muscle contracts it pulls the hyoid bone down.

Accepted Answer

A)   Both statements are true.
B)   The first statement is true; the second is false.
C)   The first statement is false; the second is true.
D)   Both statements are false. C

Question 4

The muscles of mastication are innervated by the facial nerve.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

If the left lateral pterygoid contracts, the mandible will move to the left because one of the lateral pterygoid muscles acting by itself accomplishes lateral excursion.

Accepted Answer

A)   Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
B)   Both the statement and the reason are correct but are NOT related.
C)   The statement is correct, but the reason is NOT correct.
D)   The statement is NOT correct, but the reason is correct.
E)   NEITHER the statement NOR the reason is correct.

Question 6

The temporal muscle has a very narrow origin. Contraction of the entire temporalis elevates the mandible.

Accepted Answer

A)   Both statements are true.
B)   The first statement is true; the second is false.
C)   The first statement is false; the second is true.
D)   Both statements are false.

Question 7

Hyoid muscles have a role in depressing the mandible. This includes the suprahyoid and the thyrohyoid muscles.

Accepted Answer

A)   Both statements are true.
B)   The first statement is true; the second is false.
C)   The first statement is false; the second is true.
D)   Both statements are false.

Question 8

The muscles of mastication are innervated by the fifth cranial nerve because they develop from the first (mandibular) pharyngeal arch.

Accepted Answer

A)   Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
B)   Both the statement and the reason are correct but are NOT related.
C)   The statement is correct, but the reason is NOT correct.
D)   The statement is NOT correct, but the reason is correct.
E)   NEITHER the statement NOR the reason is correct.

Question 9

The shape of the hyoid bone resembles a

Accepted Answer

A)   Circle
B)   Straight line
C)   Triangle
D)   Horseshoe

Question 10

Which muscle of mastication fans out widely at its origin?

Accepted Answer

A)   Masseter
B)   Temporal
C)   Medial pterygoid
D)   Lateral pterygoid

Question 11

The SCM is innervated by which cranial nerve?

Accepted Answer

A)   Fifth
B)   Seventh
C)   Tenth
D)   Eleventh

Question 12

All the muscles of mastication are attached to an area of the mandible.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The lateral pterygoid performs each of the following actions upon the mandible EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?

Accepted Answer

A)   Depression
B)   Protrusion
C)   Retrusion
D)   Lateral movement

Question 14

The masseter muscle is probably the most powerful of the muscles of suprahyoid group. When the masseter contracts, it elevates the mandible, which closes the mouth.

Accepted Answer

A)   Both statements are true.
B)   The first statement is true; the second is false.
C)   The first statement is false; the second is true.
D)   Both statements are false.

Question 15

Hyoid muscles located above the hyoid bone are called suprahyoid muscles. When contracted, most muscles of this group elevate the mandible.

Accepted Answer

A)   Both statements are true.
B)   The first statement is true; the second is false.
C)   The first statement is false; the second is true.
D)   Both statements are false.

Question 16

The mandible is elevated by each of the following EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION?

Accepted Answer

A)   Medial pterygoid
B)   Masseter
C)   Geniohyoid
D)   Temporal

Question 17

Spasms originating from the TMJ can be referred (as pain) to the sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

During an extraoral examination it is necessary to palpate beneath the sternothyroid muscle because enlarged lymph nodes may be lying against the internal jugular vein in the neck.

Accepted Answer

A)   Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
B)   Both the statement and the reason are correct but are NOT related.
C)   The statement is correct, but the reason is NOT correct.
D)   The statement is NOT correct, but the reason is correct.
E)   NEITHER the statement NOR the reason is correct.

Question 19

The insertion of a muscle is attached to the more movable structure.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The hyoid bone, a portion of the zygomatic arch, is unusual because it articulates with no other bone.

Accepted Answer

A)   Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
B)   Both the statement and the reason are correct but are NOT related.
C)   The statement is correct, but the reason is NOT correct.
D)   The statement is NOT correct, but the reason is correct.
E)   NEITHER the statement NOR the reason is correct.

Exam 28: Muscles of Mastication, Hyoid Muscles, and Sternocleidomastoid and Trapezius Muscles

Contraction of only the posterior portion of the temporalis muscle retrudes the mandible because this action also depresses the mandible.

Involuntary contraction and spasms of the sternomastoid and trapezius muscles can be caused by migraine headaches. Some malocclusions can also cause such spasms.

The sternocleidomastoid muscle has an origin at the superior border of the scapula. When the muscle contracts it pulls the hyoid bone down.

The muscles of mastication are innervated by the facial nerve.

If the left lateral pterygoid contracts, the mandible will move to the left because one of the lateral pterygoid muscles acting by itself accomplishes lateral excursion.

The temporal muscle has a very narrow origin. Contraction of the entire temporalis elevates the mandible.

Hyoid muscles have a role in depressing the mandible. This includes the suprahyoid and the thyrohyoid muscles.

The muscles of mastication are innervated by the fifth cranial nerve because they develop from the first (mandibular) pharyngeal arch.

The shape of the hyoid bone resembles a

Which muscle of mastication fans out widely at its origin?

The SCM is innervated by which cranial nerve?

All the muscles of mastication are attached to an area of the mandible.

The lateral pterygoid performs each of the following actions upon the mandible EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?

The masseter muscle is probably the most powerful of the muscles of suprahyoid group. When the masseter contracts, it elevates the mandible, which closes the mouth.

Hyoid muscles located above the hyoid bone are called suprahyoid muscles. When contracted, most muscles of this group elevate the mandible.

The mandible is elevated by each of the following EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION?

Spasms originating from the TMJ can be referred (as pain) to the sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM).

During an extraoral examination it is necessary to palpate beneath the sternothyroid muscle because enlarged lymph nodes may be lying against the internal jugular vein in the neck.

The insertion of a muscle is attached to the more movable structure.

The hyoid bone, a portion of the zygomatic arch, is unusual because it articulates with no other bone.