Question 1

Which statement best describes australopithecine teeth?

Accepted Answer

A)   They were more ape-like than human-like.
B)   They have large front canine teeth.
C)   They lack grinding molars.
D)   They were more human-like than ape-like. D

Question 2

Which primate group is composed of highly evolved variants of an early primate model and lack the typical primate characteristics shared by monkeys,apes,and humans?

Accepted Answer

A)   South American monkeys
B)   orangutans
C)   Japanese macaques
D)   the lemurs of Madagascar D

Question 3

Which of the following activities was carried out as part of the Institute of Human Origins research program?

Accepted Answer

A)   the collection of 4 to 1 million year old drill cores from paleolake sediments adjacent to human fossil and artifacts sites
B)   the excavation of partly digested human remains from a bog
C)   calculating the tilt of the earth's axis as it was 4 to 1 million year to determine climactic characteristics of that period
D)   the analysis of human blood samples found trapped in amber A

Question 4

The transition to bipedalism probably occurred in a context where primates spent a lot of time in the trees but ventured out periodically onto the open savannah.What advantage did bipedalism give primates that promoted this transition?

Accepted Answer

A)   the ability to leap between trees more effectively
B)   the ability to hide from predators
C)   the ability to free their hands for a variety of purposes
D)   the ability to locate plant foods more effectively

Question 5

Which feature of Australopithecus was more like an ape than a human?

Accepted Answer

A)   teeth
B)   jaws
C)   brain-body ratio
D)   posture and form of locomotion

Question 6

Modern humans gradually replaced archaic Homo sapiens everywhere by about 30,000 years ago.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

What kind of vision did primates develop to meet the demands of travelling through trees?

Accepted Answer

A)   two-dimensional
B)   retroflex
C)   sympathetic
D)   stereoscopic

Question 8

Illustrated below are two skeletons,one of a chimpanzee,and the other of a modern human.Describe the major differences between them,pointing out the selective pressures that led to these differences.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Illustrated below are two skeletons,one of a...

Question 9

What development among ancestral hunters is a reflection of the shift from scavenging to hunting for meat?

Accepted Answer

A)   increased physical strength
B)   greater cardiovascular capacity
C)   an increase in the number and size of teeth
D)   increased organizational ability

Question 10

Aboriginal peoples of the Americas have the most diverse group of languages of any continent.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

All primates have a number of characteristics in common,and these are an indication that primates are adapted to living in one particular environment.Which environment?

Accepted Answer

A)   on the ground
B)   in the trees
C)   on the open grasslands
D)   in a temperate climate

Question 12

Most archaeologists agree that the Aboriginal peoples of the Americas have their roots in the Polynesian islands of the South Pacific.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Proteins available in plant foods must be cooked to be absorbed by the human gut.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Where did the first Aboriginal peoples who migrated to the New World come from?

Accepted Answer

A)   Polynesia
B)   Northeast Asia
C)   Scandinavia
D)   North Africa

Question 15

Discuss the major steps in the development of stone tools,focusing on Oldowan,Mousterian,and Upper Paleolithic traditions.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss the major steps in the development...

Question 16

Why is Ardipithecus considered a hominin?

Accepted Answer

A)   It was fully bipedal.
B)   It was larger than modern chimpanzees.
C)   It was the same size as Homo erectus.
D)   It made tools.

Question 17

If you were to visit a primate group in the wild,which type of activity would you be most likely to see?

Accepted Answer

A)   sex
B)   grooming
C)   adult play
D)   territorial defence

Question 18

Ancient eastern Siberian travellers who reached what is now the Yukon were blocked from land access to locations further south.What caused this?

Accepted Answer

A)   inadequate technology for land travel
B)   higher sea levels
C)   continental glaciers
D)   inadequate food supplies

Question 19

Taking into consideration the evolutionary difference between ape and human mothers,why would apes be less likely to carry their infants than humans?

Accepted Answer

A)   because they are hairy,baby apes can hold onto them securely
B)   because of their smaller brains,apes do not realize the danger inherent in not holding their infants securely
C)   because they are not fully bipedal,apes still need to use their arms for locomotion
D)   because humans have advanced consciousness,they are more protective of their infants

Question 20

At the genetic level,what percentage of human and chimpanzee genes are identical?

Accepted Answer

A)   52 percent
B)   76 percent
C)   87 percent
D)   98 percent

Exam 3: The Beginnings of Human Culture

Which statement best describes australopithecine teeth?

Which primate group is composed of highly evolved variants of an early primate model and lack the typical primate characteristics shared by monkeys,apes,and humans?

Which of the following activities was carried out as part of the Institute of Human Origins research program?

The transition to bipedalism probably occurred in a context where primates spent a lot of time in the trees but ventured out periodically onto the open savannah.What advantage did bipedalism give primates that promoted this transition?

Which feature of Australopithecus was more like an ape than a human?

Modern humans gradually replaced archaic Homo sapiens everywhere by about 30,000 years ago.

What kind of vision did primates develop to meet the demands of travelling through trees?

Illustrated below are two skeletons,one of a chimpanzee,and the other of a modern human.Describe the major differences between them,pointing out the selective pressures that led to these differences.

What development among ancestral hunters is a reflection of the shift from scavenging to hunting for meat?

Aboriginal peoples of the Americas have the most diverse group of languages of any continent.

All primates have a number of characteristics in common,and these are an indication that primates are adapted to living in one particular environment.Which environment?

Most archaeologists agree that the Aboriginal peoples of the Americas have their roots in the Polynesian islands of the South Pacific.

Proteins available in plant foods must be cooked to be absorbed by the human gut.

Where did the first Aboriginal peoples who migrated to the New World come from?

Discuss the major steps in the development of stone tools,focusing on Oldowan,Mousterian,and Upper Paleolithic traditions.

Why is Ardipithecus considered a hominin?

If you were to visit a primate group in the wild,which type of activity would you be most likely to see?

Ancient eastern Siberian travellers who reached what is now the Yukon were blocked from land access to locations further south.What caused this?

Taking into consideration the evolutionary difference between ape and human mothers,why would apes be less likely to carry their infants than humans?

At the genetic level,what percentage of human and chimpanzee genes are identical?