Question 1

The first asylums, or "madhouses," began to crop up throughout Europe in the ______ centuries.

Accepted Answer

A)  11th and 12th 
B)  13th and 14th 
C)  15th and 16th 
D)  17th and 18th

Question 2

The celebrated ancient Greek physician who argued that illnesses of the body and mind resulted from natural causes rather than the wrath of the gods was ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  Socrates 
B)  Hippocrates 
C)  Demosthenes 
D)  Aristotle

Question 3

Alexander believes that aliens from outer space are working together with the CIA in an elaborate plot to brainwash him with secret messages transmitted through static on his
Television. His beliefs are most likely what psychologists would call ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  delusions 
B)  compulsions 
C)  hallucinations 
D)  obsessions

Question 4

In Eastern cultures, depression is experienced largely in terms of ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  fears of failure in procreation, in dreams, and complaints about witchcraft 
B)  trancelike states 
C)  physical or somatic symptoms such as headaches, fatigue, or weakness 
D)  feelings of guilt or sadness

Question 5

The major contribution of Emil Kraepelin was ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  the development of a classification system in which the current diagnostic systems are rooted 
B)  the discovery that early childhood environment plays a crucial role in the development of a healthy personality 
C)  the discovery of the bacterium causing syphilis 
D)  the development of "moral therapy," in which humane treatment and a relaxed environment were used to help restore mental health

Question 6

Compared to the United States, the rates of schizophrenia in countries such as Colombia India, Denmark, Nigeria, and the former Soviet Union are_______.

Accepted Answer

A)  lower 
B)  about the same 
C)  higher 
D)  lower for women and higher for men

Question 7

Claustrophobic behavior is characterized by intense fear of venturing into public places.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Scientists are reasonably confident that group differences are significant when the probability that chance alone can explain the difference is less than ______ percent.

Accepted Answer

A)  2 
B)  5 
C)  7 
D)  10

Question 9

In a research study of college substance abuse, the target group of college students represents the research ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  cluster 
B)  set 
C)  population 
D)  sample

Question 10

The modern era of humane treatment can be traced to the ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  late 16th and early 17th centuries 
B)  late 17th and early 18th centuries 
C)  late 18th and early 19th centuries 
D)  late 19th and early 20th centuries

Question 11

The principle of ______ requires that people be free to choose whether they wish to participate in research studies and must be given sufficient information in advance about
The study's purposes, methods, risks, and benefits to allow them to make a
Knowledgeable decision about their participation.

Accepted Answer

A)  informed consent 
B)  confidentiality 
C)  debriefing 
D)  free will

Question 12

Renaissance physician Johann Weyer was noted for arguing that abnormal behavior and thought patterns were caused by _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  physical problems 
B)  demonic possession 
C)  spiritual impurity 
D)  sociological factors

Question 13

Which is the strongest correlation?

Accepted Answer

A)  - 0.33 
B)  + 1.21 
C)  + 0.45 
D)  - 0.68

Question 14

Discuss the factors associated with the current exodus from mental hospitals in the U.S.
and its results.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss the factors associated with the current...

Question 15

Placebo effects are strongest in pain studies.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Helen decides to study the effects of alcohol on driving ability. She selects 200 college students and randomly divides them into two groups of 100 students each. Subjects in
Group "A" drive a car through an obstacle course while remaining sober. Subjects in
Group "B" also drive through the obstacle course, but they are given an ounce of
Whiskey before each attempt at driving the course. As expected, the driving ability of
Subjects in group "B" steadily deteriorates as they consume more alcohol. In Helen's
Study, the subjects' driving ability is the ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  independent variable 
B)  codependent variable 
C)  dependent variable 
D)  reciprocal variable

Question 17

Seeing things and hearing voices that are not present are considered ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  delusions 
B)  compulsions 
C)  hallucinations 
D)  obsessions

Question 18

A formulation of the relationships underlying observed events is called a ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  theory 
B)  hypothesis 
C)  supposition 
D)  proposition

Question 19

In a study on psychotherapy techniques, subjects are randomly assigned to one of two groups. One group receives a specific type of therapy. The other group receives a
Credible treatment which has elements common to all therapies but no specific ingredients
Of the therapy received by the first group. This generic placebo therapy received by the
Second group is called a(n) _______ placebo.

Accepted Answer

A)  response 
B)  inert 
C)  blind 
D)  attention

Question 20

In an experiment, the observed effects on subjects' behavior resulting from experimenters manipulating suspected causal variables are called ______ variables.

Accepted Answer

A)  independent 
B)  codependent 
C)  dependent 
D)  reciprocal

Exam 1: Introduction and Methods of Research