Question 1

Where in a typical human cell does glycolysis occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  mitochondrion 
B)  Golgi apparatus 
C)  cytoplasm 
D)  nucleus 
E)  rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question 2

Most cells are very small in order to maximize their ________ with respect to their volume.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Most cells are very small in order...

Question 3

Diet and exercise reduce the number of fat cells as well as the amount of fat stored in each cell.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Which one of the following organelles is involved in the production of proteins that are exported from the cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  rough endoplasmic reticulum 
B)  lysosome 
C)  mitochondrion 
D)  smooth endoplasmic reticulum 
E)  centriole

Question 5

Polar molecules cannot pass across a plasma membrane through the lipid bilayer because they are not soluble in lipids.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

If human white blood cells were extracted from the circulatory system, and then placed into an isotonic solution, which one of the following is most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  Water will rush into the cells, and the cells will swell and eventually burst. 
B)  Because there is more water outside the cell than inside the cell, an equal amount of water will enter the cell and leave the cell. 
C)  There will be no change in the cells because the isotonic environment is in equilibrium with the cells. 
D)  Because a hypertonic environment is highly acidic, these cells will become acidic as well. 
E)  Water will diffuse out of the cells, and they will decrease in cell volume.

Question 7

Which one of the following best explains how water moves freely across a plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

A)  Water moves directly through the phospholipid bilayer because of the charges on phospholipids. 
B)  Water is brought into the cell by facilitated diffusion but released by exocytosis. 
C)  It is actively transported across the membrane. 
D)  Water moves through protein-lined channels in the plasma membrane. 
E)  The passage of water across a plasma membrane requires facilitated transport.

Question 8

A student is designing an experiment to show the effects of the movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane. He places a highly concentrated saltwater solution into a bag that is permeable only to water. He then submerges the bag into a beaker of pure water. Which one of the following can be expected?

Accepted Answer

A)  The net flow of water will be from the bag to the surrounding water. 
B)  The pH of the contents of the bag will increase over time. 
C)  The volume of the bag will decrease over time. 
D)  The net flow of water will be from the beaker into the bag, causing the contents of the bag to increase in volume. 
E)  In this situation, the flow of water into the bag will never equal the flow of water out of the bag.

Question 9

All eukaryotic cells have a plasma membrane composed of a phospholipid bilayer.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The phospholipids, proteins, and cholesterol in the plasma membrane are firmly bonded to each other via covalent bonds, lending strength and appropriate rigidity to the membrane.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Some of the enzymes stored in peroxisomes are used to break down

Accepted Answer

A)  a cell when it becomes damaged 
B)  bacteria and viruses 
C)  faulty proteins produced by the cell 
D)  the plasma membrane 
E)  hydrogen peroxide

Question 12

The majority of ATP synthesis occurs during the ________ stage of cellular respiration.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The majority of ATP synthesis occurs during...

Question 13

To increase the surface area of some cells, the plasma membrane possesses

Accepted Answer

A)  receptors 
B)  flagella 
C)  microvilli 
D)  transport proteins

Question 14

Which one of the following is TRUE regarding the sodium-potassium pump?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cholesterol molecules within the plasma membrane pump sodium out of the cell and potassium into the cell. 
B)  In order to reduce cell volume, the cell decreases the activity of the sodium-potassium pump. 
C)  Because the sodium-potassium pump works on the principle of diffusion, it does not require energy. 
D)  Increased activity of the sodium-potassium pump causes an increase in cell volume. 
E)  In order to maintain a certain cell volume, the sodium-potassium pump exchanges three sodium ions for two potassium ions.

Question 15

Immediately after a meal, which one of the following is first used by cells as an energy source?

Accepted Answer

A)  fat 
B)  glycogen 
C)  lactic acid 
D)  amino acids 
E)  glucose

Question 16

The enzyme located in the inner mitochondrial membrane that synthesizes ATP is known as ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The enzyme located in the inner mitochondrial...

Question 17

Molecules pass in and out of the nucleus through openings in the nuclear membrane called ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Molecules pass in and out of the...

Question 18

If you ingest and digest a meal that contains components necessary for normal body function but too large to be transported across the plasma membrane through pores, by diffusion, or aided by transport proteins, how could the macromolecules enter the cell?

Accepted Answer

The answer of If you ingest and digest a meal...

Question 19

Active transport is like facilitated diffusion in that both processes

Accepted Answer

A)  move molecules down their concentration gradient 
B)  require the presence of proteins in the plasma membrane that move molecules from one side of the plasma membrane to the other 
C)  require the conversion of ADP to ATP 
D)  do not require a source of energy 
E)  facilitate the movement of water through the phospholipids of the plasma membrane

Question 20

Many cells use tiny projections of their plasma membrane called ________ to increase the surface area relative to cell volume.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Many cells use tiny projections of their...

Exam 3: Structure and Function of Cells

Where in a typical human cell does glycolysis occur?

Most cells are very small in order to maximize their ________ with respect to their volume.

Diet and exercise reduce the number of fat cells as well as the amount of fat stored in each cell.

Which one of the following organelles is involved in the production of proteins that are exported from the cell?

Polar molecules cannot pass across a plasma membrane through the lipid bilayer because they are not soluble in lipids.

If human white blood cells were extracted from the circulatory system, and then placed into an isotonic solution, which one of the following is most likely to occur?

Which one of the following best explains how water moves freely across a plasma membrane?

All eukaryotic cells have a plasma membrane composed of a phospholipid bilayer.

The phospholipids, proteins, and cholesterol in the plasma membrane are firmly bonded to each other via covalent bonds, lending strength and appropriate rigidity to the membrane.

Some of the enzymes stored in peroxisomes are used to break down

The majority of ATP synthesis occurs during the ________ stage of cellular respiration.

To increase the surface area of some cells, the plasma membrane possesses

Which one of the following is TRUE regarding the sodium-potassium pump?

Immediately after a meal, which one of the following is first used by cells as an energy source?

The enzyme located in the inner mitochondrial membrane that synthesizes ATP is known as ________.

Molecules pass in and out of the nucleus through openings in the nuclear membrane called ________.

If you ingest and digest a meal that contains components necessary for normal body function but too large to be transported across the plasma membrane through pores, by diffusion, or aided by transport proteins, how could the macromolecules enter the cell?

Active transport is like facilitated diffusion in that both processes

Many cells use tiny projections of their plasma membrane called ________ to increase the surface area relative to cell volume.