Question 1

What are the differences between boys and girls when it comes to the development of gross motor skills?

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Question 2

What program was put into place in 1995 which greatly increased the percentage of children receiving vaccinations in the United States?

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Question 3

Which of the following statements is correct regarding motor skill development?

Accepted Answer

A)  Boys and girls are virtually identical in the rate at which they develop motor skills. 
B)  Children with mental retardation will go through a different sequence of motor skill development than normal children. 
C)  Even though boys and girls may differ in the rate at which they develop motor skills, they still develop these skills in the same sequence. 
D)  The development of motor skills is most likely controlled by environmental circumstances.

Question 4

According to many neurophysiologists, which of the following will result in the pruning of redundant neural pathways and the selective retention of the most efficient pathways in an infant's brain?

Accepted Answer

A)  Diet and nutrition 
B)  Experiences 
C)  Phenotype 
D)  Inborn predispositions

Question 5

Which of the following describes the basic cry of an infant who is hungry?

Accepted Answer

A)  A piercing, grating shriek or scream 
B)  A loud, intense cry that begins abruptly 
C)  A cry that begins with a scream and becomes loud and intense with no variation in rhythm or volume 
D)  A cry that begins with a whimper and becomes an alternating pattern of crying, silence, and breathing

Question 6

The AAP's policy on television watching in children under age 2 assumes that watching television may ________ affect brain development.

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Question 7

What is the difference between habituation and dishabituation?

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Question 8

Which of the following gives us the ability to tell from which direction a sound is coming?

Accepted Answer

A)  Perceptual differences in the temporal lobes. 
B)  The fact that our ears are on the outsides of our heads. 
C)  The fact that our ears are spaced on either side of our heads. 
D)  Directional hearing is a learned phenomenon.

Question 9

What is the leading cause of death in the United States among infants between the ages of one month and one year?

Accepted Answer

A)  Accidents 
B)  Respiratory infections 
C)  Micronutrient deficiency 
D)  Sudden Infant Death Syndrome

Question 10

Attention is regulated by the which of the following structures?

Accepted Answer

A)  Reticular formation 
B)  Spinal cord 
C)  Temporal lobe 
D)  Hypothalamus

Question 11

What does your text suggest about the persistence of the Moro reflex or the Babinski reflex beyond six months of age?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is normal and is used as a sign of neurological maturation. 
B)  They aid in the infant's developing social skills and emotional relationships. 
C)  It may signal the existence of some type of neurological problem. 
D)  It is due to positive or negative reinforcement.

Question 12

Which of the following is true regarding colic?

Accepted Answer

A)  Almost all infants develop colic. 
B)  Colic is a pattern of intense daily periods of crying for one to three hours per day. 
C)  The cause of colic is usually an allergy to infant formula. 
D)  Colic typically begins at about two weeks of age and then disappears spontaneously at three or four months of age.

Question 13

Under which circumstances might a doctor recommend that a breast-fed infant be given nutritional supplements?

Accepted Answer

A)  If the mother wishes to promote faster-than-average growth of her infant 
B)  If the baby is more active or energetic than most babies 
C)  In order for the nursing mother to reduce her own nutritional intake and lose weight more quickly 
D)  If the infant is preterm

Question 14

Your text mentions a coexisting condition that causes chronic diarrhea in many infants who suffer from marasmus. What is this coexisting condition?

Accepted Answer

A)  Low birth weight 
B)  Premature delivery 
C)  Parasitic infections 
D)  Colic

Question 15

Briefly explain the functions of the midbrain and the medulla. Why do these structures need to be fully functional at birth?

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Question 16

Infants as young as 2 months show some ________ ability as an object is moved slowly towards them.

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Question 17

Which of the following is a benefit of breast feeding to the mother?

Accepted Answer

A)  Decreased soreness of the breasts 
B)  Increase in sex drive 
C)  Decreased risk of ovarian cancer 
D)  Decreased risk of infections

Question 18

Why is the process of myelinization necessary?

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Question 19

How likely is infant mortality among African Americans, Native Americans, and Hawaiian natives?

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Question 20

Which the following is associated with SIDS?

Accepted Answer

A)  A history of apnea 
B)  Bacterial infections that cause ear aches 
C)  Drinking by the mother after pregnancy 
D)  Greater than average birth weight

Exam 4: Physical, Sensory, and Perceptual Development in Infancy