Question 1

During the middle-childhood years, disciplinary interactions with parents typically decrease because a child is more capable of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Person perception 
B)  Metacognition 
C)  Self-regulation 
D)  The use of psychological constructs

Question 2

Which of the following groups is LEAST likely to have internet access?

Accepted Answer

A)  White children 
B)  Hispanic American children 
C)  Asian American children 
D)  ESL children

Question 3

In what way might only children have an advantage over children who have siblings?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are likely to suffer from resource dilution. 
B)  They are more likely to go to college than children with siblings. 
C)  They are likely to show higher cognitive development and higher levels of academic achievement. 
D)  They are less likely to engage in gender-stereotypical behaviors.

Question 4

Nero is constantly worrying about his grades, his job, and his girlfriend. He finds it difficult to sleep at night because his mind won't calm down. According to trait theory, Nero scores high on which of the Big 5?

Accepted Answer

A)  Agreeableness 
B)  Conscientiousness 
C)  Antagonism 
D)  Neuroticism

Question 5

If you ask a child to answer the question "Who am I?", what differences will you see between a 9-year-old and an 11-year-old?

Accepted Answer

The answer of If you ask a child to answer...

Question 6

What happens to the way in which children describe others at around the age of seven or eight years?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What happens to the way in which...

Question 7

Summarize the behavioral differences between withdrawn/rejected children and aggressive/rejected children.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Summarize the behavioral differences between withdrawn/rejected children...

Question 8

Which of the following terms is used by psychologists to describe children who are disliked and avoided by their peers?

Accepted Answer

A)  Repudiated 
B)  Rejected 
C)  Neglected 
D)  Shunned

Question 9

Self-perceived ________ is the overarching theme of social and personality development in middle childhood.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Self-perceived ________ is the overarching theme of...

Question 10

Cindy enjoys playing violent video games. Which of the following might you predict about Cindy's behavior in general?

Accepted Answer

A)  Since Cindy is a girl, she is likely to be unaffected by her preference for violent video games. 
B)  Cindy is likely to sublimate her aggressive tendencies through the playing of video games. 
C)  Cindy is likely to be different from other girls in terms of physical aggression and preference for violent television programming. 
D)  Cindy's overall behavior will be more like that of the stereotypical boy of her age.

Question 11

Of the following, which is an accurate description of the patterns of aggression observable among children in middle childhood?

Accepted Answer

A)  Physical aggression becomes more common among children in middle childhood. 
B)  At every age, boys show more physical aggression than girls do. 
C)  School-age boys rarely express their approval for the aggressive behavior of peers. 
D)  Girls and boys are equally likely to use relational aggression toward their peers.

Question 12

The United States government defines poverty as which of the following income levels for a family with one child?

Accepted Answer

A)  $10,448 
B)  $14,840 
C)  $18,440 
D)  $41,840

Question 13

Which researcher(s) conducted the "Bobo doll" studies to evaluate the effects of observing aggressive behavior on children?

Accepted Answer

A)  Howard Gardner 
B)  Albert Bandura 
C)  Calvert and Kotler 
D)  Cheryl Livingstone

Question 14

What are the basic differences that characterize the interaction between pairs of boys who are friends and pairs of girls who are friends?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are the basic differences that characterize...

Question 15

Why might children with siblings be more likely to suffer academically than only children?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why might children with siblings be more...

Question 16

Children who are older than eight years of age, compared to children who are younger, know that ________ are important when making moral judgments about the behavior of others.

Accepted Answer

A)  the amount of damages caused 
B)  the reactions of parents 
C)  consequences 
D)  intentions

Question 17

Assume that you are the parent of a middle-aged child. Based on the reading and research presented in the text, what kinds of rules, if any, would you set around TV watching and internet usage for your child?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Assume that you are the parent of...

Question 18

Which of the following children is likely to suffer the most negative effects of self-care?

Accepted Answer

A)  Matthew, whose grandmother lives next door 
B)  Jason, who lives in a low-income neighborhood with a high crime rate 
C)  Tim, who lives on a farm which is located in an isolated rural area 
D)  David, whose parents are alcoholics

Question 19

Which of the following seems to be the most important factor in selection of friends among 6 - 12 year olds?

Accepted Answer

A)  Age 
B)  Socio-economic similarity 
C)  Race 
D)  Gender

Question 20

Bobby is a ten-year-old who is uncoordinated and awkward, and as a consequence, he has little athletic ability. How will this circumstance influence Bobby's self-esteem?

Accepted Answer

A)  The absence of athletic ability will cause Bobby to have low self-esteem. 
B)  If Bobby does not value athletic skill, his lack of talent will have less impact on his self-esteem than if he highly values athleticism. 
C)  The absence of athletic skill will affect his self-esteem only if his parents also value athleticism. 
D)  As long as his friends tell Bobby that they don't mind if he is clumsy, his self-esteem will be unaffected.

Exam 10: Social and Personality Development in Middle Childhood