Question 1

A moral of Garrett Hardin's parable "The Tragedy of the Commons" is that there can be a difference between the private costs and the social costs of a business activity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

According to Joel Feinberg, future generations

Accepted Answer

A)  future people can claim a right to a livable environment. 
B)  can not claim any right so we have limitied duties towards their welfare. 
C)  have a right to be born and we have an obligation to uphold this. 
D)  have interests that we can affect, for better or worse, right now.

Question 3

The "tragedy of the commons" is

Accepted Answer

A)  the lack of a commons-a common place where people can come together. 
B)  the failure to appreciate what we have in common with other species. 
C)  that cost-benefit analysis involves value judgments that we do not share in common. 
D)  that individual pursuit of self-interest can sometimes make everyone worse off.

Question 4

Moral vegetarians are people who reject the eating of meat on moral grounds.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Any equitable solution to the problem of who should pay the bill for environmental cleanup should take into account responsibility as well as benefit.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Animal manure

Accepted Answer

A)  is not available in sufficient quantities to replenish agricultural land. 
B)  is a large source of pollution. 
C)  helps counteract the "greenhouse effect". 
D)  is potentially more dangerous than nuclear power.

Question 7

A moral vegetarian

Accepted Answer

A)  rejects eating meat based on moral grounds. 
B)  only eats animal that were raised humanely. 
C)  does not believe animals suffer. 
D)  the pleasure we get from eating a hamburger justifies the price the animals pay.

Question 8

Advocates of a "naturalistic ethic" believe that penguins are important only because people like them.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Some environmental regulations (like forbidding the burning of coal in cities) benefit each and every one of us because the air we all breathe is cleaner. If a company ignores the regulation and burns coal, while others obey the regulation, then the company

Accepted Answer

A)  violates our right to a livable environment. 
B)  is being a free-rider. 
C)  benefits from externalities. 
D)  creates an internality.

Question 10

Three approaches have gained the most attention when it comes to achieving our environmental goals: the use of regulations, incentives, and pricing mechanisms.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

According to Cambridge University biologist Andrew Balmford, the loss of nature's services is always outweighed by the benefits of development.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

"Pollution permits" are an example of which of the following methods of achieving our environmental goals?

Accepted Answer

A)  pricing mechanisms 
B)  government subsidies 
C)  a laissez-faire approach 
D)  regulations

Question 13

Would you propose an incentive based program to challenge companies to reduce their environmental liability? Explain in your own words an example of how this can be done.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Would you propose an incentive based program...

Question 14

According to Jeremy Bentham, the question is not whether animals can feel pain, but whether they can talk and reason.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The moral theorist William T. Blackstone claims that the right to a livable environment

Accepted Answer

A)  would solve the problem of how to conserve resources. 
B)  prevents the use of government regulation to control the actions of business. 
C)  is a fundamental human right. 
D)  implies that non-human animals have no genuine moral rights.

Question 16

What's an "externality"? Give an environmental example of an externality.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What's an "externality"? Give an environmental example...

Question 17

According to William F. Baxter, we ought to respect the "balance of nature" and "preserve the environment" even if doing so brings no benefit to human beings.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

One truth about factory farms is

Accepted Answer

A)  they rarely inflict any genuine suffering on animals. 
B)  they are larger than ever. 
C)  they are necessary to feed the world. 
D)  they are run by brutal people.

Question 19

When it comes to the protecting animal rights, the United States is far ahead of Europe.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

According to Joel Feinberg, future generations of people have a right to be born.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 7: The Environment

A moral of Garrett Hardin's parable "The Tragedy of the Commons" is that there can be a difference between the private costs and the social costs of a business activity.

According to Joel Feinberg, future generations

The "tragedy of the commons" is

Moral vegetarians are people who reject the eating of meat on moral grounds.

Any equitable solution to the problem of who should pay the bill for environmental cleanup should take into account responsibility as well as benefit.

Animal manure

A moral vegetarian

Advocates of a "naturalistic ethic" believe that penguins are important only because people like them.

Some environmental regulations (like forbidding the burning of coal in cities) benefit each and every one of us because the air we all breathe is cleaner. If a company ignores the regulation and burns coal, while others obey the regulation, then the company

Three approaches have gained the most attention when it comes to achieving our environmental goals: the use of regulations, incentives, and pricing mechanisms.

According to Cambridge University biologist Andrew Balmford, the loss of nature's services is always outweighed by the benefits of development.

"Pollution permits" are an example of which of the following methods of achieving our environmental goals?

Would you propose an incentive based program to challenge companies to reduce their environmental liability? Explain in your own words an example of how this can be done.

According to Jeremy Bentham, the question is not whether animals can feel pain, but whether they can talk and reason.

The moral theorist William T. Blackstone claims that the right to a livable environment

What's an "externality"? Give an environmental example of an externality.

According to William F. Baxter, we ought to respect the "balance of nature" and "preserve the environment" even if doing so brings no benefit to human beings.

One truth about factory farms is

When it comes to the protecting animal rights, the United States is far ahead of Europe.

According to Joel Feinberg, future generations of people have a right to be born.