Question 1

Sara needs to work to ensure that her children have a good life and receive a good education at a private school. However, she cannot find work in her country that will meet her economic needs and she must travel to a more developed country and send money home. This situation is an indication that a government policy has failed to deliver its economic promise. Which policy is it?

Accepted Answer

A)  globalization 
B)  modernization 
C)  neoliberalism 
D)  communism

Question 2

Minimal state involvement with the economy and development is a core neoliberal belief. What does the text conclude about the countries where rapid development has occurred in the global south?

Accepted Answer

A)  Growth occurred in countries that were willing to cooperate with the World Bank. 
B)  Countries with specific government plans and restrictions had the most growth. 
C)  Countries that tried to use a balance of neoliberal and Keynesian policies did best. 
D)  The most economically deregulated countries had the most rapid development.

Question 3

The United States has been significantly involved covertly and militarily in keeping its neighbours in line with capitalist ideas. What were these strategies and techniques? What were the consequences?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The United States has been significantly involved...

Question 4

What term is given to "the pursuit of competitive enterprises for profit"?

Accepted Answer

A)  economics 
B)  socialism 
C)  corporatism 
D)  capitalism

Question 5

Policies associated with neoliberalism have succeeded in some places. Where in the world has some success been acknowledged in a limited sense?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mexico, India, and China 
B)  Indonesia, Thailand, and Vietnam 
C)  Argentina, Bolivia, and Uruguay 
D)  Brazil, Paraguay, and Venezuela

Question 6

Why was estate agriculture in the global south a bigger impediment to development than small family farms were?

Accepted Answer

A)  Workers on estates were mostly slaves and resisted democratic governance. 
B)  Estates were rural enterprises, which required little by way of municipal infrastructure. 
C)  Because of inexpensive manual labour, estates remained profitable without changing. 
D)  Worker uprisings were a drain on resources of the state, leaving little for development.

Question 7

Chantelle argues that development in the global south is being hindered by the unequal exchange between the developed countries and the countries seeking to develop. Which of the following theoretical approaches provides a basis for her position?

Accepted Answer

A)  stunted-economy theory 
B)  globalization theory 
C)  dependency theory 
D)  modernization theory

Question 8

W.W. Rostow is credited with the formulation of the modernization theory of development.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

You see an economist being interviewed on television and he says, "Neoliberalism has had dramatic and calamitous effects upon developing countries ... especially in the wake of the global financial meltdown. The government needs to enforce strict regulations on the banks and financial institutions of the North, or the global economy will fail." What kind of economist is he?

Accepted Answer

A)  capitalist 
B)  Marxist 
C)  Keynesian 
D)  postmodernist

Question 10

According to the text, what were the consequences for Africa of the Europeans' practice of slavery?

Accepted Answer

A)  It helped thin out overpopulated districts of the continent. 
B)  It helped to rearrange traditional tribal boundaries more logically. 
C)  It created a condition that ensured centuries of underdevelopment. 
D)  It assisted in reducing the number of tribal conflicts on the continent.

Question 11

What were structural adjustment programs (SAPs)? How did they work and what were the results?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What were structural adjustment programs (SAPs)? How...

Question 12

Kendra is going to a meeting in Latin America that opposes globalization controlled by multinational corporations. She believes that grassroots organizations that focus on the rights of citizens, equality of all peoples, and protection of the environment must grow and obtain control of the globalization process. What meeting is Kendra going to attend?

Accepted Answer

A)  the World Social Forum 
B)  Via Campesina 
C)  Modelo Moderno 
D)  the Global Gathering

Question 13

Country O is an industrialized country counting on imports from Country P of raw material. Local elites in Country P owned the businesses that extracted the raw materials and ensured Country O of an ongoing supply of materials, creating different classes within Country P. Which other countries followed this model?

Accepted Answer

A)  Brazil and Argentina 
B)  Honduras and Guatemala 
C)  India and China 
D)  Taiwan and Hong Kong

Question 14

What effect did structural adjustment programs (SAPs) have on developing countries?

Accepted Answer

A)  They closed the economy to foreign investment. 
B)  They promoted the growth of a middle class. 
C)  They protected domestic business. 
D)  They ended tariffs that protected local industries.

Question 15

After the introduction of neoliberal policies in the 1970s, what happened to Third World countries and their levels of social inequality?

Accepted Answer

A)  Inequality substantially decreased. 
B)  Inequality stayed the same. 
C)  Inequality increased only slightly. 
D)  Inequality substantially increased.

Question 16

Which event after the 1500s resulted in dire consequences for the ongoing development of West Africa?

Accepted Answer

A)  the Industrial Revolution 
B)  the end of the dark ages 
C)  the Scientific Revolution 
D)  the transatlantic slave trade

Question 17

Canada's healthcare program is one of the country's emblems of social policy. However, some economists would argue that such social policies are a hindrance to economic success. Why?

Accepted Answer

A)  Social policies result in underdevelopment in other areas of the economy. 
B)  Social policies use funds that could be applied to industrial investment. 
C)  Social policies disrupt the market's natural equalization. 
D)  Social policies raise taxes.

Question 18

What was the domino theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  If one country falls under communist influence, its neighbours would soon follow. 
B)  If one country defaults on its loan to the World Bank, then others will default, too. 
C)  If one underdeveloped economy succeeds with neoliberalism, others will follow. 
D)  If one underdeveloped economy succeeds with Keynesian economics, other will, too.

Question 19

What kind of analysis is the following: "Plundering of the global south was facilitated by the elite class of the metropolitan areas colluding with the elites of south"?

Accepted Answer

A)  Marxist 
B)  neoliberal 
C)  Keynesian 
D)  modernization

Question 20

Which development theorist would describe development as a traditional society "taking off" after it came into contact with a developed society?

Accepted Answer

A)  Milton Friedman 
B)  W.W. Rostow 
C)  David McClelland 
D)  Maynard Keynes

Exam 9: Development and Underdevelopment