Question 1

What was Karl Wittfogel's theory of early state formation?

Accepted Answer

Wittfogel emphasized the importance of large-scale irrigation processes. He argued that the need to organize large groups of workers to build and maintain irrigation canals allowed the formation of a hierarchical government he labeled ""oriental despotism."" His model is based in a single causal factor (labor organization) leading to a centralized government.

Question 2

The intensive occupation of Chaco Canyon came to an end in A.D. 1130 as the result of a(n) __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   devastating drought
B)   catastrophic flood
C)   attack from the south
D)   plague A

Question 3

Robert Carneiro's model of state formation emphasizes the importance of large-scale irrigation projects.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 4

Compare and contrast Fried's system for classifying societies with Service's system. What are the implications for archaeological interpretation?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare and contrast Fried's system for classifying...

Question 5

According to Karl Wittfogel, early state formation was the result of __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   response to foreign aggression
B)   population growth
C)   large-scale irrigation processes
D)   geographical circumscription

Question 6

How have archaeologists interpreted Chaco Canyon?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How have archaeologists interpreted Chaco Canyon?...

Question 7

It has been suggested that social power flowed from the centrality of Chaco Canyon in raiding and pillaging.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The tower at Great Zimbabwe is called a dhaka.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

How do Morton Fried and Elman Service view the development of political complexity?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How do Morton Fried and Elman Service...

Question 10

Great Zimbabwe is __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   evidence of local development of complexity in southeast Africa
B)   the site of the palace of the Queen of Sheba
C)   a Phoenician trading port
D)   the site of King Solomon's mines

Question 11

Colin Renfrew has argued that the people who built Stonehenge were organized in __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   states
B)   chiefdoms
C)   tribes
D)   bands

Question 12

Which of the following best characterizes the site of Cahokia?

Accepted Answer

A)   It was a fortified city-state.
B)   It incorporated a series of dispersed living areas around a ceremonial core.
C)   It was a vacant center.
D)   It was a teeming metropolis.

Question 13

Archaeologists suggest that the large stone heads (Moai) of Easter Island were __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   built by competing chiefs during periods of prosperity
B)   portraits of past rulers
C)   boundary markers for different factions on the island
D)   offerings to the gods

Question 14

Which of the following phrases best describes dendrochronology?

Accepted Answer

A)   It uses tree ring growth to measure time.
B)   It uses animal dens to map storage pits.
C)   It can only be used in arid environments.
D)   It is a method of remote sensing.

Question 15

For logistical reasons, all the materials used to build Stonehenge came from a distance of no more than three kilometers.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Elman Service divides human societies into which of the following categories?

Accepted Answer

A)   savages, barbarians, and civilizations
B)   bands, tribes, chiefdoms, and states
C)   egalitarian, ranked, and stratified
D)   foragers, pastoralists, horticulturalists, and agriculturalists

Question 17

Which is the following is one of V. Gordon Childe's criteria for defining urban centers?

Accepted Answer

A)   pastoralism
B)   universal literacy
C)   monotheism
D)   taxes

Question 18

The discovery of __________ suggests that the people who built Stonehenge had a society that included elites.

Accepted Answer

A)   a cache of gold amulets
B)   the iceman
C)   the Amesbury Archer
D)   seven partially completed Moai

Question 19

What is the largest Great House in Chaco Canyon?

Accepted Answer

A)   Casa Grande
B)   Chetso Ketl
C)   Pueblo Bonito
D)   Casa Rinconada

Question 20

How has the archaeological interpretation of Great Zimbabwe changed over time?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How has the archaeological interpretation of Great...

Exam 10: Complexity Without the State

What was Karl Wittfogel's theory of early state formation?

The intensive occupation of Chaco Canyon came to an end in A.D. 1130 as the result of a(n) __________.

Robert Carneiro's model of state formation emphasizes the importance of large-scale irrigation projects.

Compare and contrast Fried's system for classifying societies with Service's system. What are the implications for archaeological interpretation?

According to Karl Wittfogel, early state formation was the result of __________.

How have archaeologists interpreted Chaco Canyon?

It has been suggested that social power flowed from the centrality of Chaco Canyon in raiding and pillaging.

The tower at Great Zimbabwe is called a dhaka.

How do Morton Fried and Elman Service view the development of political complexity?

Great Zimbabwe is __________.

Colin Renfrew has argued that the people who built Stonehenge were organized in __________.

Which of the following best characterizes the site of Cahokia?

Archaeologists suggest that the large stone heads (Moai) of Easter Island were __________.

Which of the following phrases best describes dendrochronology?

For logistical reasons, all the materials used to build Stonehenge came from a distance of no more than three kilometers.

Elman Service divides human societies into which of the following categories?

Which is the following is one of V. Gordon Childe's criteria for defining urban centers?

The discovery of __________ suggests that the people who built Stonehenge had a society that included elites.

What is the largest Great House in Chaco Canyon?

How has the archaeological interpretation of Great Zimbabwe changed over time?