Question 1

Genomic imprinting is caused by epigenetic changes to DNA

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

All genes on all human chromosomes are subject to imprinting.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

A radiation dose of 400 rem, if untreated, causes death within 60 days of about ____________________ percent of people exposed to it.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A radiation dose of 400 rem, if...

Question 4

Mutation rates of human genes are usually expressed as the number of

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleotides altered per gene. 
B)  frameshift mutations per genome. 
C)  mutated alleles per genome. 
D)  mutant births per generation. 
E)  mutated alleles per generation.

Question 5

Why do some genetic disorders have a high new mutation rate (hemophilia and muscular dystrophy) while others display a very low new mutation rate (Huntington's disease)?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why do some genetic disorders have a...

Question 6

Sickle cell anemia is caused by a missense mutation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

In a missense mutation:

Accepted Answer

A)  All the amino acids beyond the mutation point are changed. 
B)  A nucleotide is added to the DNA. 
C)  A nucleotide is deleted from the DNA. 
D)  A single amino acid is altered. 
E)  The protein is always completely nonfunctional.

Question 8

Genes with large numbers of _____________ base pairs are more likely to have a higher mutation rate than genes with large numbers of ___________ base pairs.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Genes with large numbers of _____________ base...

Question 9

____________ mutations are the underlying cause of most types of cancer.

Accepted Answer

A)  X-linked 
B)  Somatic 
C)  Viral 
D)  Y-linked 
E)  Mitochondrial

Question 10

Fragile-X syndrome is an example of a genetic condition caused by a frameshift mutation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Chemicals that resemble base pairs and insert themselves into DNA molecules are called ____________________ agents.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Chemicals that resemble base pairs and insert...

Question 12

Which of the following elements, when added to a nucleotide base, will create a base analog?

Accepted Answer

A)  Carbon 
B)  Oxygen 
C)  Bromine 
D)  Boron 
E)  Phosphorous

Question 13

Which of the following does NOT affect the mutation rate of a gene?

Accepted Answer

A)  The size of the gene. 
B)  The number of GC pairs versus AT pairs. 
C)  Whether the gene is on a maternal or paternal chromosome. 
D)  The number of trinucleotide sequences. 
E)  All of these affect the mutation rate of a gene.

Question 14

Thymine can be converted to uracil by a chemical mutagen.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which of the following will occur to a cell that undergoes a critical amount of mutational damage?

Accepted Answer

A)  It will enter into senescence. 
B)  Apoptosis will occur. 
C)  It will become cancerous. 
D)  A and C will occur but not 
E)  All three will occur (A, B, and 
C) .

Question 16

Julie has pigmented spots and tumors on her skin and nervous system. It is determined the disease Julie has is autosomal dominant. Julie most likely has _____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  hemophilia 
B)  neurofibromatosis 
C)  achondroplasia 
D)  Marfan syndrome 
E)  fragile-X syndrome

Question 17

All chromosomally normal individuals have an equal number of autosomes from each parent.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Why is it easier to detect the formation of sex-linked recessive mutations than autosomal recessive mutations?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why is it easier to detect the...

Question 19

Addition or deletion of a nucleotide in a gene causes a type of mutation called a ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Addition or deletion of a nucleotide in...

Question 20

For the average person in the U.S., the largest source of radiation exposure is

Accepted Answer

A)  background radiation. 
B)  medical X-rays. 
C)  irradiated food. 
D)  consumer products. 
E)  remote-controlled devices.

Exam 11: Mutation: the Source of Genetic Variation

Genomic imprinting is caused by epigenetic changes to DNA

All genes on all human chromosomes are subject to imprinting.

A radiation dose of 400 rem, if untreated, causes death within 60 days of about ____________________ percent of people exposed to it.

Mutation rates of human genes are usually expressed as the number of

Why do some genetic disorders have a high new mutation rate (hemophilia and muscular dystrophy) while others display a very low new mutation rate (Huntington's disease)?

Sickle cell anemia is caused by a missense mutation.

In a missense mutation:

Genes with large numbers of ___ base pairs are more likely to have a higher mutation rate than genes with large numbers of _ base pairs.

____________ mutations are the underlying cause of most types of cancer.

Fragile-X syndrome is an example of a genetic condition caused by a frameshift mutation.

Chemicals that resemble base pairs and insert themselves into DNA molecules are called ____________________ agents.

Which of the following elements, when added to a nucleotide base, will create a base analog?

Which of the following does NOT affect the mutation rate of a gene?

Thymine can be converted to uracil by a chemical mutagen.

Which of the following will occur to a cell that undergoes a critical amount of mutational damage?

Julie has pigmented spots and tumors on her skin and nervous system. It is determined the disease Julie has is autosomal dominant. Julie most likely has _____________.

All chromosomally normal individuals have an equal number of autosomes from each parent.

Why is it easier to detect the formation of sex-linked recessive mutations than autosomal recessive mutations?

Addition or deletion of a nucleotide in a gene causes a type of mutation called a ____________________.

For the average person in the U.S., the largest source of radiation exposure is