Question 1

The age of automation and the rise of the service sector have

Accepted Answer

A)  led to increased power for labor unions. 
B)  eliminated the need for interest groups for workers. 
C)  led to an increase in the percentage of blue-collar workers in the total working population. 
D)  led to attempts to unionize migrant farm workers, service workers, and public employees. 
E)  caused the collapse of all labor interest groups.

Question 2

Republicans tend to get support from interest groups like _________, while ___________ tend(s) to support Democrats.

Accepted Answer

A)  the U.S. Chamber of Commerce; Americans for Tax Reform 
B)  environmental groups; Americans for Tax Reform 
C)  Americans for Tax Reform; the U.S. Chamber of Commerce 
D)  labor unions; environmental groups 
E)  the U.S. Chamber of Commerce; labor unions

Question 3

Which types of interest groups are defined as economic interest groups?

Accepted Answer

A)  business, labor, and public interest groups 
B)  labor, agriculture, and environmental groups 
C)  business, labor, and foreign governments 
D)  business, labor, and professionals 
E)  professionals, agriculture, and foreign governments

Question 4

People who become members of interest groups for material incentives are joining

Accepted Answer

A)  for a sense of belonging to the group. 
B)  to improve their economic opportunities or gain economic benefits. 
C)  for ethical beliefs or ideological reasons. 
D)  to institute change for political, economic, or social impact on the whole society. 
E)  because they have been pressured to do so.

Question 5

In cases where the goal of an interest group can be described as having concentrated benefits and dispersed costs, there tends to be a(n) ___________ between supporters and opponents.

Accepted Answer

A)  long, drawn-out political battle 
B)  period of political gridlock 
C)  enthusiasm gap 
D)  willingness to compromise 
E)  None of the above.

Question 6

Which of the following is true of interest groups?

Accepted Answer

A)  Only a few interest groups attempt to influence public officials in the government at the same time. 
B)  Interest groups only lobby the national government because at that level issues are more important than at other levels of government. 
C)  Having a large number of members helps an interest group to influence government officials. 
D)  All interest groups need members to pay high dues so they can have a strong financial base. 
E)  All of the above are true.

Question 7

All of the following are true about labor unions except

Accepted Answer

A)  the number of members in labor unions has been declining. 
B)  American labor unions continue to support candidates for Congress. 
C)  labor unions provide volunteers for campaigns and campaign contributions. 
D)  a large turnout of union members will increase the final vote totals for Republicans. 
E)  there has been a growth in the unionization of public employees.

Question 8

The National Abortion Rights Action League (NARAL) and the National Rifle Association (NRA) are examples of

Accepted Answer

A)  economic interest groups. 
B)  single-interest groups. 
C)  public interest groups. 
D)  foreign interest groups. 
E)  fringe interest groups.

Question 9

Political endorsements by interest groups are

Accepted Answer

A)  important because the group can publicize its choices in its membership publication. 
B)  not very important because while candidates can publicize the fact that their campaign is endorsed by groups, they cannot identify the specific source of the endorsement. 
C)  relatively ineffective today. 
D)  a violation of campaign finance reform laws. 
E)  allowed only in local elections, but forbidden in races for federal office.

Question 10

The issue of global warming

Accepted Answer

A)  creates conflict between environmentalists and industrial interest groups. 
B)  creates conflict between wildlife conservation groups and hunters. 
C)  has transformed electoral politics in states like California. 
D)  Options A and C are true. 
E)  All of the above are true.

Question 11

Explain the direct techniques used by interest groups.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain the direct techniques used by interest...

Question 12

Environmental groups have found themselves in conflict with other interests over the issue of

Accepted Answer

A)  protecting the snowy egret. 
B)  wildlife education. 
C)  global warming. 
D)  purchasing threatened lands. 
E)  protecting whales and dolphins from hunting.

Question 13

Legislation to regulate lobbying in 1946 resulted in

Accepted Answer

A)  a minimal number of individuals registered as lobbyists. 
B)  a large number of lobbyists decided to reveal their tactics. 
C)  a significant decrease in the influence of special interests. 
D)  an increase in reporting requirements for lobbyists at federal agencies and the courts. 
E)  a public record of all lobbyists active that year.

Question 14

Interest groups often hire former government employees or former members of Congress as lobbyists for all of the following reasons except that these

Accepted Answer

A)  lobbyists "know their way around Washington." 
B)  individuals often retain friendships with former colleagues. 
C)  groups cannot possibly be effective if they do not hire these people. 
D)  lobbyists often have expert knowledge. 
E)  lobbyists often understand the regulatory process.

Question 15

Public sector employees often have _____________, whereas private employees' ________________.

Accepted Answer

A)  very few opportunities for promotion; promotions are very predictable 
B)  little job security; contracts often give them job security for three to five years 
C)  guaranteed pension income; pensions fluctuate with the stock market 
D)  low incomes; incomes fluctuate a great deal 
E)  Options A and B are true.

Question 16

Explain the free rider problem faced by interest groups and how they combat this problem.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain the free rider problem faced by...

Question 17

People who become members of interest groups for solidary incentives are joining

Accepted Answer

A)  for a sense of belonging to the group. 
B)  to improve their economic opportunities. 
C)  for ethical beliefs or ideological reasons. 
D)  to obtain political, economic, or social change. 
E)  as free riders.

Question 18

People who become members of interest groups for purposive incentives are joining

Accepted Answer

A)  for a sense of belonging to the group. 
B)  as free riders. 
C)  for ethical beliefs or ideological reasons. 
D)  to improve their economic opportunities. 
E)  because they have been pressured to do so.

Question 19

The primary purpose of 1946 legislation that targeted lobbying was to

Accepted Answer

A)  prohibit all lobbying activities. 
B)  restrict lobbying to the legislative branch. 
C)  heavily regulate lobbying. 
D)  improve public disclosure of lobbying. 
E)  create an agency that would oversee lobbying.

Question 20

To generate public pressure, interest groups may

Accepted Answer

A)  use advertisements in national magazines and newspapers. 
B)  generate mail to elected officials. 
C)  organize rallies. 
D)  work with like-minded organizations. 
E)  All of the above are true.

Exam 7: Interest Groups