Question 1

Motor development reflects an interaction between maturation and environment in which the infant acquires increasingly complex _____ of action.

Accepted Answer

A)  reflex 
B)  maturation 
C)  continuity 
D)  dynamic systems

Question 2

Which type of brain development depends on contextual and cultural circumstances of a child's life?

Accepted Answer

A)  Experience-expectant brain development 
B)  Experience-independent brain development 
C)  Experience-dependent brain development 
D)  Experience-equivalent brain development

Question 3

Jack was born with a cataract in his left eye. He never received treatment as an infant and subsequently lost the ability to process visual stimuli in his left eye. What type of experience-related brain development does Jack's experience illustrate?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Jack was born with a cataract in...

Question 4

The ability to imitate an absent model is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  imitation. 
B)  deferred imitation. 
C)  delayed imitation. 
D)  dishabituation.

Question 5

Which time period in a child's life is considered to be a very important time in terms of experience and neural development?

Accepted Answer

A)  Before birth, during the initial time of the brain formation. 
B)  The first three years of life when connections are forming between neurons. 
C)  Once a child begins formal education, approximately at the age of 5. 
D)  Once a child begins puberty and the final growth in brain development begins.

Question 6

How do we know that intermodal perception is evident at birth?

Accepted Answer

A)  Because infants are born with fully developed sensory abilities. 
B)  Because neonates have demonstrated the ability to show a preference for viewing their mother's face. 
C)  Because intermodal perception is necessary for survival. 
D)  Because fetuses are able to demonstrate intermodal perception in the womb.

Question 7

Which type of brain development is required for infants to develop normally?

Accepted Answer

A)  Experience-expectant brain development 
B)  Experience-independent brain development 
C)  Experience-dependent brain development 
D)  Experience-equivalent brain development

Question 8

An infant is just as likely to imitate an intentional action as they are an accidental action.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

What is the process of combining information from more than one sensory system?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the process of combining information...

Question 10

When the brain depends on experiencing certain basic events and stimuli at key points in time in order to develop normally, it is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  neural-dependent myelination. 
B)  synaptogenesis. 
C)  experience-dependent brain development. 
D)  experience-expectant brain development.

Question 11

Why do newborns lose 5-10% of their body weight in the first few days after birth?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why do newborns lose 5-10% of their...

Question 12

Habituation indicates that an infant detects a change in one stimulus from another stimulus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

What age do children reach one half of their adult height?

Accepted Answer

A)  About 2 years of age 
B)  About 3 years of age 
C)  About 1.5 years of age 
D)  About 3.5 years of age

Question 14

How would a researcher study depth perception?

Accepted Answer

A)  Visual tracking 
B)  The visual cliff 
C)  Preferential looking 
D)  Neuroimaging

Question 15

The physical structure of our brain does not change from infancy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Connor is a newborn who is being breast-fed. Every time his mother holds him and touches his cheek, he demonstrates a specific reflexive behavior. Which of the following behaviors is Connor most likely doing?

Accepted Answer

A)  He curls his finger around his mother's finger. 
B)  He holds out his arms and arches his back. 
C)  He fans and curls his toes and hands. 
D)  He turns his head and tongue toward his mother.

Question 17

Which area of the brain is least likely to show a peak in synaptogenesis in the first year of life?

Accepted Answer

A)  The sensorimotor cortex. 
B)  The subcortical part of the brain. 
C)  The visual cortex. 
D)  The prefrontal cortex.

Question 18

Which of the following does not support the role of maturation in motor development?

Accepted Answer

A)  Infants from 1 to 7 weeks of age who practice stepping reflexes each day retain the movements and walk earlier than infants who receive no practice. 
B)  Babies who are swaddled walk at the same time as non-swaddled babies. 
C)  Identical twins share a similarity in the timing and pace of motor development. 
D)  Cross-cultural research finds that infants around the world display roughly the same sequence of motor milestones.

Question 19

Which of the following is not a sign that infants begin the process of learning language at birth?

Accepted Answer

A)  Newborns are attentive to voices. 
B)  Newborns can detect their mothers' voices. 
C)  Newborns prefer to hear languages different from their native language. 
D)  Newborns prefer to hear speech sounds over nonspeech sounds.

Question 20

Which growth pattern explains why a toddler catches a ball with both of his or her arms instead of with only one hand?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bidirectional 
B)  Cephalocaudal 
C)  Proximodistal 
D)  Continuous

Exam 4: Physical Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Motor development reflects an interaction between maturation and environment in which the infant acquires increasingly complex _____ of action.

Which type of brain development depends on contextual and cultural circumstances of a child's life?

Jack was born with a cataract in his left eye. He never received treatment as an infant and subsequently lost the ability to process visual stimuli in his left eye. What type of experience-related brain development does Jack's experience illustrate?

The ability to imitate an absent model is called:

Which time period in a child's life is considered to be a very important time in terms of experience and neural development?

How do we know that intermodal perception is evident at birth?

Which type of brain development is required for infants to develop normally?

An infant is just as likely to imitate an intentional action as they are an accidental action.

What is the process of combining information from more than one sensory system?

When the brain depends on experiencing certain basic events and stimuli at key points in time in order to develop normally, it is called:

Why do newborns lose 5-10% of their body weight in the first few days after birth?

Habituation indicates that an infant detects a change in one stimulus from another stimulus.

What age do children reach one half of their adult height?

How would a researcher study depth perception?

The physical structure of our brain does not change from infancy.

Connor is a newborn who is being breast-fed. Every time his mother holds him and touches his cheek, he demonstrates a specific reflexive behavior. Which of the following behaviors is Connor most likely doing?

Which area of the brain is least likely to show a peak in synaptogenesis in the first year of life?

Which of the following does not support the role of maturation in motor development?

Which of the following is not a sign that infants begin the process of learning language at birth?

Which growth pattern explains why a toddler catches a ball with both of his or her arms instead of with only one hand?