Question 1

List four assumptions of a repeated measures one-way ANOVA. Explain what is meant by sphericity.

Accepted Answer

The answer of List four assumptions of a repeated measures...

Question 2

Linear regression is suitable for examining all types of relationships between variables, as long as the data are on an interval or ratio scale.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

According to Cohen (1988), obtaining an η2 of 0.5 indicates a large effect.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

A researcher conducted a study looking at how participants' alertness influenced their ability to complete an academic task with, or without coffee. All participants were randomly assigned to either stay up all night or get rest, and subsequently randomly assigned to drink regular coffee or decaffeinated coffee. He finds that there was an interaction between these two factors on the outcome variable. Which of the following is definitely true?

Accepted Answer

A)  With the information provided, there must either be a significant main effect of alertness OR caffeine 
B)  With the information provided, caffeine and alertness must both be significant main effects 
C)  With the information provided, neither caffeine nor alertness must necessarily be significant main effects. 
D)  With the information provided, caffeine and alertness are either both significant main effects, or both not significant main effects.

Question 5

The table below presents the results of a between subjects one-way ANOVA experiment. refer to this table.
 
-What is the total sum of squares?

Accepted Answer

A)  1000 
B)  660 
C)  290 
D)  80

Question 6

Which of the following is not a common feature shared by the chi-square test and the independent samples t-test?

Accepted Answer

A)  They both have the assumption of randomly sampling and independence of observations. 
B)  They both give you a p-value. 
C)  They both involve taking the degrees of freedom into account. 
D)  They both can be applied to contingency tables.

Question 7

Linear regression can be used to analyze ANOVA designs with multiple factors (i.e., independent variables).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Spearman's rho is more suitable than Pearson's r as a statistic when:

Accepted Answer

A)  the measurement scale is ratio. 
B)  the measurement scale is ordinal. 
C)  the measurement scale is categorical. 
D)  the measurement scale is interval.

Question 9

Bayesian analysis requires the underlying population to be normally distributed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The non-parametric alternative to the independent groups one-way ANOVA is the:

Accepted Answer

A)  Wilcoxon signed-ranked test 
B)  Kruskal-Wallis test 
C)  Welch's t-test 
D)  Wilcoxon rank-sum test

Question 11

The omnibus null hypothesis tested by one-way ANOVA is that the population means for all the groups differ at least once.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Charlotte is investigating the influence of multiple factors such as age, gender and income on how much money an individual spends on grocery shopping every month. Which of the following statistical tests best suits her study design?

Accepted Answer

A)  Linear regression 
B)  Chi-square test 
C)  Pearson correlation 
D)  Spearman rank order correlation

Question 13

An assumption in linear regression is the independence of the:

Accepted Answer

A)  differences between predicted and actual dependent variable values. 
B)  associations between the independent variables and the dependent variable. 
C)  differences between the elements in the regression equation. 
D)  associations between the y-intercept and the mean of the dependent variable values.

Question 14

The Mann-Whitney U test is a statistically more powerful alternative to the independent samples t-test.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

After conducting an independent samples t-test, a researcher finds that the 95% confidence interval estimating the difference between the treatment group and the control group is 2.37 ± 1.85. Which of the following is definitely true?

Accepted Answer

A)  The difference between groups is not significant. 
B)  The difference between groups is significant. 
C)  The effect size of the comparison between groups is 3.7. 
D)  The mean of the treatment group is 2.37.

Question 16

Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  When the p-value is less than 0.05 for an independent samples t test, the 95% confidence interval of the difference between groups will cross zero. 
B)  When the p-value is less than 0.05 for a one-sample t test, it means that the assumptions of the test have been met. 
C)  When the p-value is larger than 0.05 for any test, it means that the effect size is zero. 
D)  When the p value is larger than 0.05 for an independent samples t test, it means that there are no significant differences between groups at the level of alpha = .05.

Question 17

When analyzing the data from a study with 100 participants using a one-way between subjects ANOVA, a researcher finds that the total sum of squares is 565 and the within-subjects sum of squares is 120. Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  The between-subjects sum of squares is 56.5. 
B)  The between-subjects sum of squares is 445. 
C)  The between subjects sum of squares is 685. 
D)  There is insufficient information to calculate the between-subjects sum of squares.

Question 18

Random sampling and independence of observations are assumptions of many statistical tests that should be taken into account while designing the research.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Pauline is testing the claim that students from her university have better spatial memory than the average student in the country. She measures the average spatial memory of 50 students and compares it to the national average. What test is she using and what are the degrees of freedom of this test?

Accepted Answer

A)  Independent samples t test; 49 
B)  One sample t test; 48 
C)  One sample t test; 49 
D)  Independent samples t test; 48

Question 20

Sofia is comparing the effectiveness of a new therapy on depression with a more traditional form of treatment. She compares the prevalence of depression symptoms in 15 patients who have undergone the new therapy with the symptoms of 15 other patients who have undergone the traditional treatment. Which of the following test is most suited to the design of her study?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mixed ANOVA 
B)  Independent samples t-test 
C)  Related samples t-test 
D)  Linear regression

Exam 14: Analyzing Your Data II: Specific Approaches

List four assumptions of a repeated measures one-way ANOVA. Explain what is meant by sphericity.

Linear regression is suitable for examining all types of relationships between variables, as long as the data are on an interval or ratio scale.

According to Cohen (1988), obtaining an η²of 0.5 indicates a large effect.

The table below presents the results of a between subjects one-way ANOVA experiment. refer to this table. -What is the total sum of squares?

Which of the following is not a common feature shared by the chi-square test and the independent samples t-test?

Linear regression can be used to analyze ANOVA designs with multiple factors (i.e., independent variables).

Spearman's rho is more suitable than Pearson's r as a statistic when:

Bayesian analysis requires the underlying population to be normally distributed.

The non-parametric alternative to the independent groups one-way ANOVA is the:

The omnibus null hypothesis tested by one-way ANOVA is that the population means for all the groups differ at least once.

Charlotte is investigating the influence of multiple factors such as age, gender and income on how much money an individual spends on grocery shopping every month. Which of the following statistical tests best suits her study design?

An assumption in linear regression is the independence of the:

The Mann-Whitney U test is a statistically more powerful alternative to the independent samples t-test.

After conducting an independent samples t-test, a researcher finds that the 95% confidence interval estimating the difference between the treatment group and the control group is 2.37 ± 1.85. Which of the following is definitely true?

Which of the following is true?

When analyzing the data from a study with 100 participants using a one-way between subjects ANOVA, a researcher finds that the total sum of squares is 565 and the within-subjects sum of squares is 120. Which of the following is true?

Random sampling and independence of observations are assumptions of many statistical tests that should be taken into account while designing the research.

Pauline is testing the claim that students from her university have better spatial memory than the average student in the country. She measures the average spatial memory of 50 students and compares it to the national average. What test is she using and what are the degrees of freedom of this test?