Question 1

As extraversion increases, number of parties attended per month increases. Which type of relationship is described?

Accepted Answer

A)   No relationship
B)   Non-linear
C)   Negative
D)   Positive D

Question 2

Which of the following variables would be suitable for use in a correlational study?

Accepted Answer

A)   Diagnosis: depression, anxiety or psychosis
B)   Whether the participant has a driving licence or not
C)   Reaction times
D)   Degree subject studied C

Question 3

What type of design would you need to use if you wanted to determine causality in a research study?

Accepted Answer

A)   Qualitative
B)   Categorical
C)   Correlational
D)   Experimental D

Question 4

Which of the following is a two-tailed hypothesis for a correlational study?

Accepted Answer

A)   There will be a relationship between conscientiousness and grades at university
B)   There will be no relationship between conscientiousness and grades at university
C)   People with higher scores on a conscientiousness measure will achieve higher grades at university
D)   People with higher scores on a conscientiousness measure will achieve lower grades at university

Question 5

Which of the following variables would NOT be suitable for use in a correlational study?

Accepted Answer

A)   IQ
B)   Age
C)   Employment status (employed or not) 
D)   Annual income

Question 6

You run a regression to look at whether the ability to detect lies can be predicted by a participant's age. How would you describe the lie detection variable in this study?

Accepted Answer

A)   Predictor variable
B)   Independent variable
C)   Outcome variable
D)   Dependent variable

Question 7

What type of hypothesis is this: It is predicted that as levels of social support increase, levels of depression will decrease.

Accepted Answer

A)   One-tailed, predicting a positive relationship
B)   One-tailed, predicting a negative relationship
C)   Two-tailed
D)   Null

Question 8

You run a regression to look at whether the ability to detect lies can be predicted by a participant's age. How would you describe the age variable in this study?

Accepted Answer

A)   Independent variable
B)   Predictor variable
C)   Outcome variable
D)   Dependent variable

Question 9

What is a confounding variable?

Accepted Answer

A)   An unmeasured variable that can explain some of the variance in a dataset
B)   An unmeasured variable that cannot explain some of the variance in a dataset
C)   A measured variable that can explain some of the variance in a dataset
D)   A measured variable that cannot explain some of the variance in a dataset

Question 10

A significant correlation showed that the amount of time spent meditating daily causes improvements in mood. What is wrong with this conclusion?

Accepted Answer

A)   A negative relationship is described
B)   Correlation cannot imply causation
C)   Mood is not suitable for inclusion in a correlational study
D)   Amount of time spent meditating is not suitable for inclusion in a correlational study

Exam 10: How to Design a Correlational Study