Question 1

Kaitlyn has just finished watching a scary horror movie about a stalker. This fear-arousing experience will likely _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   increase her sensitivity to the faint background noises around the house that were associated with the movie
B)   increase her ability to relax and fall asleep
C)   have little impact on her sensitivity to her surroundings
D)   be forgotten soon A

Question 2

Which of the following factors explains blocking according to the Rescorla-Wagner model?

Accepted Answer

A)   The novel stimulus is less intense.
B)   The novel stimulus makes the US less intense.
C)   The novel stimulus is added when the US is no more surprising.
D)   None of the above C

Question 3

According to the Rescorla-Wagner model, what is the predicted learning outcome when the CS is not perceived?

Accepted Answer

Zero/no learning

Question 4

Identify the US, UR, CS, and CR of Pavlov's famous study.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify the US, UR, CS, and CR...

Question 5

Which of the following organisms is able to learn?

Accepted Answer

A)   A bird
B)   A 1-month old baby
C)   An octopus
D)   All of the above

Question 6

Two rats are placed in a 'puzzle box' together. Rat A previously learned that by pressing on a pedal food will be deliver into the box. After a few days, rat B starts pressing on the pedal too. In this case rat A was the __________, while rat B was the __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Two rats are placed in a 'puzzle...

Question 7

Psychology's interest in instrumental conditioning may be traced to ________'s early studies of hungry cats learning to escape from cages.

Accepted Answer

A)   Skinner
B)   Thorndike
C)   Watson
D)   Pavlov

Question 8

__________ describes a phenomenon by which conditioning is not successful when the CS has been presented multiple times without the US before conditioning. This is caused by pre-exposure of the CS reducing the amount of __________ that the CS can capture.

Accepted Answer

The answer of __________ describes a phenomenon by which conditioning...

Question 9

Neural mechanisms for learning include:

Accepted Answer

A)   long-term powering
B)   long-term potentiation
C)   long-term processing
D)   long-term enhancement

Question 10

In 2013, Steinberg and colleagues were able to generate surprise at the neural level. What happened at the behavioural level?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In 2013, Steinberg and colleagues were able...

Question 11

Long-term potentiation lasts:

Accepted Answer

A)   No more than a few hours
B)   For a few days
C)   Up to a week
D)   Up to a few months

Question 12

Whose work is considered pioneering in the study of classical conditioning?

Accepted Answer

A)   Carew
B)   Pavlov
C)   Thorndike
D)   Heyes

Question 13

Which psychologist discovered extinction in instrumental conditioning?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which psychologist discovered extinction in instrumental conditioning?...

Question 14

__________ occurs when one stimulus influences the ability of another stimulus to evoke a CR. One of the best examples of this phenomenon is known as __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of __________ occurs when one stimulus influences the...

Question 15

The mechanisms of instrumental conditioning can be useful to study the phenomenon of:

Accepted Answer

A)   spirit possession
B)   superstition
C)   day dreaming
D)   hypnosis

Question 16

Long-term potentiation can only be observed in the hippocampus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

LTD refers to a __________ in the population spike at the __________ neuron.

Accepted Answer

A)   reduction; presynaptic
B)   reduction; postsynaptic
C)   potentiation; presynaptic
D)   potentiation; postsynaptic

Question 18

Adam was badly stung by a bee once. Now he has an exaggerated anxious reaction not only of bees but also of all flying insects. Adam has developed a _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   neurosis
B)   phobia
C)   compulsion
D)   psychosis

Question 19

Which of the following is not a critical factor of the Rescorla-Wagner model?

Accepted Answer

A)   The perceived intensity of the CS
B)   The objective intensity of the US
C)   The perceived intensity of US
D)   the surprisingness of the US

Question 20

Which of the following therapies is often used to extinguish the association between a CS and an US?

Accepted Answer

A)   US-exposure therapy
B)   family therapy
C)   cue-exposure therapy
D)   EMDR

Exam 8: Learning