Question 1

If someone is worried about expressing unwanted stereotypic thoughts, should you tell them to suppress those thoughts? Briefly describe 1 study (including the method and results) that explores suppression and rebound of stereotypes about skinheads.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If someone is worried about expressing unwanted...

Question 2

Intergroup interactions arouse the emotions of all parties involved. Provide two reasons why intergroup reactions are so tinged with arousal and anxiety. Next, explain how classical conditioning might play a role in encounters such as these.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Intergroup interactions arouse the emotions of all...

Question 3

According to the research on subtyping described in your text, what happens when perceivers encounter a couple individuals who are completely counterstereotypical?

Accepted Answer

A)  The perceiver's stereotype will change slightly. 
B)  The counterstereotypical targets will be subtyped and the overall stereotype will change drastically. 
C)  The counterstereotypical targets will be subtyped and the overall stereotype will not change. 
D)  None of the above.

Question 4

Research has shown that ______ measures predict one's nonverbal behavior in an interracial interaction and that ______ measures predict one's overt behavior toward an individual of a different race.

Accepted Answer

A)  explicit; implicit 
B)  implicit; explicit 
C)  controlled; checklist 
D)  checklist; controlled

Question 5

In order for a collection of individuals to be categorized as a meaningful social group, both the individual members as well as the people perceiving the group, must agree that the individuals are a part of a social group.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Participants in a study by Wittenbrink, Judd, and Park (2001) were asked to categorize words presented on a computer screen as English or non-English. Some of these words were related to the stereotype of Blacks or Whites. The results showed that:

Accepted Answer

A)  Participants responded faster to negative Black stereotypic words after they had been subliminally primed with the word BLACK. 
B)  Participants responded faster to negative White stereotypic words after they had been subliminally primed with the word WHITE. 
C)  Participants responded faster to negative Black stereotypic words after they had consciously seen the word BLACK. 
D)  Participants responded faster to negative White stereotypic words after they had consciously seen the word WHITE.

Question 7

How do children learn stereotypes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Parents explicitly teach stereotypes to their children. 
B)  Children learn stereotypes by imitating their peers. 
C)  Children pick up on the social norms in their society. 
D)  All of the above

Question 8

Even if criminal acts are equally rare among members of a large and small group, perceivers will judge members of the small group to commit more crimes than members of the large group.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Dimi has just taken a reaction time test in which she was asked to categorize positive and negative words and then pictures of male and female faces as quickly as possible. Unbeknownst to Dimi, her unconscious prejudices have just been assessed. It is likely that Dimi just completed a(n) _______ measure.

Accepted Answer

A)  controlled 
B)  checklist 
C)  implicit 
D)  explicit

Question 10

Macrae et al.'s (1994) study on stereotype suppression found which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Participants are bad at suppressing stereotypes. 
B)  Participants who were initially asked to suppress their stereotypes later sat further away from a skinhead. 
C)  Participants who were not asked to suppress their stereotypes later sat further away from a skinhead. 
D)  All of the above

Question 11

The media should be a great venue to break down, not encourage, gender stereotypes. Research shows that television programs portray _______ and commercials _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  women in counterstereotypical ways; show women in stereotypical ways 
B)  men in counterstereotypical ways; show men in stereotypical ways 
C)  women in counterstereotypical ways; also show women in counterstereotypical ways 
D)  men in stereotypical ways; also show men in stereotypical ways

Question 12

The contrast effect is most likely to occur when:

Accepted Answer

A)  A new subtype is created 
B)  Our goal is to look beyond stereotypes 
C)  Once deviant group members are seen to be similar to other members of the group 
D)  We see stereotype-disconfirming individuals as exceptional people

Question 13

Thinking of strong women and weak men can decrease implicit stereotypes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Which of the following types of contact has been shown to reduce prejudice?

Accepted Answer

A)  Positive feelings about Latinos were generated after participants interacted with a Latino who disconfirmed the stereotype and was perceived to be typical of his group. 
B)  Positive feelings about Latinos were generated after participants interacted with a Latino who confirmed the stereotype and was perceived to be typical of his group. 
C)  Asking participants to imagine a positive interaction with a member of another social group can reduce prejudice toward that group. 
D)  All of the above

Question 15

Research on the self-fulfilling prophecy in the classroom shows that teachers will give some students a lot of attention and give them more opportunities to answer questions in class. Research shows that:

Accepted Answer

A)  The teachers have high expectations for these students 
B)  These students are likely to be male 
C)  These students are likely to be White 
D)  All of the above

Question 16

All stereotypes are based on a kernel of truth.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Research on media representations of homosexuals has shown that:

Accepted Answer

A)  Homosexuals are portrayed more positively in England than in America. 
B)  Homosexuals are portrayed more positively in America than in England. 
C)  Homosexuals are underrepresented in the media in both England and America. 
D)  Homosexuals are primarily shown in a positive and realistic light.

Question 18

In a study by Sagar and Schofield (1980), schoolchildren viewed pictures of Black and White children behaving in ambiguously aggressive ways. The schoolchildren later perceived the behaviors performed by Black children to be more mean and threatening than the same behaviors performed by White children. This study shows that:

Accepted Answer

A)  Children utilize racial stereotypes more than adults. 
B)  Children from urban environments are more likely to utilize racial stereotypes than children from suburban environments. 
C)  Stereotypes influence our interpretation of information. 
D)  Stereotypes provide an accurate indication of group differences.

Question 19

How can parents use classical conditioning to teach their children to be non-prejudiced?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How can parents use classical conditioning to...

Question 20

Which of the following people will be most likely to use their stereotypes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Marissa, a young woman, is running late for a meeting when she nearly collides with an elderly man. 
B)  Jan, a Dutch businessman, is in a calm mood while interviewing a Turkish job applicant. 
C)  Aiden, a White British male, is a morning person. As he drank his morning cup of tea he read a story in the news about a family who had just immigrated from Uganda. 
D)  All of the people above will be equally likely to use stereotypes.

Exam 5: Perceiving Groups

If someone is worried about expressing unwanted stereotypic thoughts, should you tell them to suppress those thoughts? Briefly describe 1 study (including the method and results) that explores suppression and rebound of stereotypes about skinheads.

Intergroup interactions arouse the emotions of all parties involved. Provide two reasons why intergroup reactions are so tinged with arousal and anxiety. Next, explain how classical conditioning might play a role in encounters such as these.

According to the research on subtyping described in your text, what happens when perceivers encounter a couple individuals who are completely counterstereotypical?

Research has shown that measures predict one's nonverbal behavior in an interracial interaction and that measures predict one's overt behavior toward an individual of a different race.

In order for a collection of individuals to be categorized as a meaningful social group, both the individual members as well as the people perceiving the group, must agree that the individuals are a part of a social group.

Participants in a study by Wittenbrink, Judd, and Park (2001) were asked to categorize words presented on a computer screen as English or non-English. Some of these words were related to the stereotype of Blacks or Whites. The results showed that:

How do children learn stereotypes?

Even if criminal acts are equally rare among members of a large and small group, perceivers will judge members of the small group to commit more crimes than members of the large group.

Macrae et al.'s (1994) study on stereotype suppression found which of the following?

The media should be a great venue to break down, not encourage, gender stereotypes. Research shows that television programs portray _ and commercials _.

The contrast effect is most likely to occur when:

Thinking of strong women and weak men can decrease implicit stereotypes.

Which of the following types of contact has been shown to reduce prejudice?

Research on the self-fulfilling prophecy in the classroom shows that teachers will give some students a lot of attention and give them more opportunities to answer questions in class. Research shows that:

All stereotypes are based on a kernel of truth.

Research on media representations of homosexuals has shown that:

How can parents use classical conditioning to teach their children to be non-prejudiced?

Which of the following people will be most likely to use their stereotypes?