Question 1

Which enzyme facilitates formation of carbonic acid?

Accepted Answer

A) renin 
B) angiotensinogen 
C) angiotensin 
D) carbonic anhydrase

Question 2

A chloride deficiency might lead to problems in which systems? Give details.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A chloride deficiency might lead to problems...

Question 3

Which hormone hydrolyzes angiotensinogen,thus generating angiotensin I?

Accepted Answer

A) renin 
B) aldosterone 
C) angiotensin-converting enzyme 
D) atrial natriuretic peptide

Question 4

Acidosis occurs when ____.

Accepted Answer

A) the plasma concentration of H ions falls below the normal range 
B) the plasma concentration of H ions exceeds the normal range 
C) chloride ion concentration exceeds hydrogen ion concentration 
D) sodium ion concentration exceeds chloride ion concentration

Question 5

The concentration of proteins is much higher in the plasma than in the interstitial fluid because proteins are too large to pass through the capillary endothelium.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

In the body,water moves ____.

Accepted Answer

A) from where solute concentrations are low to where solute concentrations are high 
B) from where solute concentrations are high to where solute concentrations are low 
C) across membranes regardless of solute concentrations 
D) from where water concentrations are low to where water concentrations are high

Question 7

Some research has shown that supplements of which mineral are associated with significant reductions in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure,especially in individuals with hypertension?

Accepted Answer

A) magnesium 
B) calcium 
C) potassium 
D) sodium

Question 8

What is the basis for replacing some of the NaCl in the diet with KCl,and how does it work?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the basis for replacing some...

Question 9

The major filtration force in capillaries is ____.

Accepted Answer

A) diffusion 
B) hydrostatic pressure 
C) facilitated diffusion 
D) Brownian movement

Question 10

What is the condition that may result in cardiac arrhythmias when extracellular potassium is increased?

Accepted Answer

A) hypernatremia 
B) hypokalemia 
C) hyperkalemia 
D) hyponatremia

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a cationic electrolyte of extracellular fluid?

Accepted Answer

A) sodium 
B) potassium 
C) calcium 
D) bicarbonate

Question 12

Which process gives the body the capacity to maintain constancy in the internal environment?

Accepted Answer

A) osmotic pressure 
B) osmolality 
C) homeostasis 
D) acid-base balance

Question 13

Which mineral serves as the major intracellular fluid cation?

Accepted Answer

A) calcium 
B) chloride 
C) sodium 
D) potassium

Question 14

What is the condition that occurs in starvation or diabetes in which there is an increase in the urinary excretion of ammonia?

Accepted Answer

A) metabolic alkalosis 
B) metabolic acidosis 
C) respiratory alkalosis 
D) respiratory acidosis

Question 15

Match the deficiency symptom with the hormone or electrolyte.
-potassium

Accepted Answer

A) muscular weakness,paralysis 
B) anorexia,muscle atrophy 
C) decreased BP,reduced GFR 
D) sodium loss,dehydration 
E) weakness,lethargy

Question 16

Match the deficiency symptom with the hormone or electrolyte.
-sodium

Accepted Answer

A) muscular weakness,paralysis 
B) anorexia,muscle atrophy 
C) decreased BP,reduced GFR 
D) sodium loss,dehydration 
E) weakness,lethargy

Question 17

Water moves among the various body compartments in a regulated manner strongly affected by sodium in the intracellular fluid compartment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Match the deficiency symptom with the hormone or electrolyte.
-angiotensin II

Accepted Answer

A) muscular weakness,paralysis 
B) anorexia,muscle atrophy 
C) decreased BP,reduced GFR 
D) sodium loss,dehydration 
E) weakness,lethargy

Question 19

The movement of water among the various body compartments is regulated by the presence of ____.

Accepted Answer

A) potassium in the extracellular fluid compartment 
B) sodium in the extracellular fluid compartment 
C) potassium in the intracellular fluid compartment 
D) chloride in the intracellular fluid compartment

Question 20

What is a major function of chloride?

Accepted Answer

A) protein synthesis in cells 
B) the principal intracellular electrolyte 
C) wound healing 
D) maintenance of gastric acidity

Exam 12: Water and Electrolytes

Which enzyme facilitates formation of carbonic acid?

A chloride deficiency might lead to problems in which systems? Give details.

Which hormone hydrolyzes angiotensinogen,thus generating angiotensin I?

Acidosis occurs when ____.

The concentration of proteins is much higher in the plasma than in the interstitial fluid because proteins are too large to pass through the capillary endothelium.

In the body,water moves ____.

Some research has shown that supplements of which mineral are associated with significant reductions in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure,especially in individuals with hypertension?

What is the basis for replacing some of the NaCl in the diet with KCl,and how does it work?

The major filtration force in capillaries is ____.

What is the condition that may result in cardiac arrhythmias when extracellular potassium is increased?

Which of the following is NOT a cationic electrolyte of extracellular fluid?

Which process gives the body the capacity to maintain constancy in the internal environment?

Which mineral serves as the major intracellular fluid cation?

What is the condition that occurs in starvation or diabetes in which there is an increase in the urinary excretion of ammonia?

Match the deficiency symptom with the hormone or electrolyte. -potassium

Match the deficiency symptom with the hormone or electrolyte. -sodium

Water moves among the various body compartments in a regulated manner strongly affected by sodium in the intracellular fluid compartment.

Match the deficiency symptom with the hormone or electrolyte. -angiotensin II

The movement of water among the various body compartments is regulated by the presence of ____.

What is a major function of chloride?