Question 1

Describe the three key steps in the social cognition process and the factors that influence those steps.

Accepted Answer

The social cognition process involves three key steps: perception, interpretation, and response.

1. Perception: This step involves the initial gathering of information about a social situation or person. Factors that influence perception include the salience of certain information, such as a person's physical appearance or behavior, and the perceiver's own past experiences and beliefs. For example, if a person has had negative experiences with a certain group of people in the past, they may perceive new interactions with members of that group in a negative light.

2. Interpretation: Once information is perceived, it is then interpreted and given meaning. This step is influenced by factors such as cognitive biases, stereotypes, and cultural norms. For example, if a person holds a stereotype about a certain group, they may interpret the actions of an individual from that group in line with that stereotype, even if it is not accurate.

3. Response: The final step in the social cognition process involves the individual's response to the perceived and interpreted information. This can include behaviors, emotions, and attitudes. Factors that influence the response include social norms, personal goals, and the perceived consequences of different responses. For example, if a person believes that expressing a certain opinion will lead to social rejection, they may choose to keep that opinion to themselves.

Overall, the social cognition process is influenced by a wide range of factors, including individual differences, social and cultural influences, and the specific context of the situation. These factors can shape how information is perceived, interpreted, and responded to in social interactions.

Question 2

________________ concerns the messages you send to yourself through your thoughts.

Accepted Answer

A)   Self-perception
B)   Self-talk
C)   Self-analysis
D)   Self-role B

Question 3

_____ is the emotional reaction to a stereotyped group or individual from that group.

Accepted Answer

A)   Prejudice
B)   Stereotyping
C)   Halo effect
D)   Discrimination A

Question 4

Keisha is good at math, and she values that characteristic positively, meaning she has _________.

Accepted Answer

A)   high self-esteem
B)   high self-concept
C)   low self-esteem
D)   low self-concept

Question 5

Forming stereotypes for categories of people is always a bad thing and is avoidable.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Jill blushed when she tripped in front of the class. The ________ component of emotion is the physical experience of a feeling.

Accepted Answer

A)   somatic
B)   motor
C)   cognitive
D)   motivational

Question 7

Do you know anyone who seems to suffer from incongruence? Define incongruence and give specific examples of the person's incongruence.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Do you know anyone who seems to...

Question 8

________ are everyday insults, indignities, and demeaning messages sent to a member of a stereotyped group by well-intentioned others who are unaware of the hidden messages being sent.

Accepted Answer

A)   Social projections
B)   Attributions
C)   Blatant stereotyping messages
D)   Microagressions

Question 9

What are the guidelines that can aid you in improving social cognition?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are the guidelines that can aid...

Question 10

In what way do messages reflect and maintain our self-concept?

Accepted Answer

A)   When you feel good about who you are, you tend to communicate in ways that display the positive feelings you have.
B)   We easily assimilate information that is consistent with our self-concept but have to work hard not to filter out inconsistent information.
C)   Messages based on our self-concept encourage others to treat us in ways that reflect how we regard ourselves.
D)   all of the above

Question 11

It is important to remember that self-concept is a(n) ________, which is resistant to change.

Accepted Answer

A)   social projection
B)   assimilated memory
C)   schema
D)   situational attribution

Question 12

Most theorists believe basic emotions are separate from each other and do not vary in intensity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

__________ is the tendency to believe that others' negative behaviors result from their choices, whereas our own negative behaviors tem from conditions over which we have no control.

Accepted Answer

A)   Dispositional attribution
B)   Fundamental attribution error
C)   Situation attribution
D)   Stereotyping

Question 14

Emotions that are classified as basic are ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   discrete/distinct from each other
B)   universal
C)   automatic
D)   all of the above

Question 15

"I see that the cheerleaders are sitting together at lunch-they're all such snobby, non-inclusive people." A(n) ________ is a schema in which the central concept is a category or group of people.

Accepted Answer

A)   assimilation
B)   situational attribution
C)   dispositional attribution
D)   stereotype

Question 16

Greg has always been my best friend, and our best times together were spent sharing secrets, inside jokes, and late night conversations while eating junk food. Those memories form my ________ , or memory structure that connects a concept to its related qualities, of a best friend.

Accepted Answer

A)   implicit personality theory
B)   assimilation
C)   judgment
D)   schema

Question 17

Discuss how memories affect how you perceive others. Provide examples.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss how memories affect how you perceive...

Question 18

You've gotten to know several college professors and have discovered that they are all highly intelligent, involved in their communities, and love to read. You have formed a(n) ___________, a specific kind of schema that connects a set of traits and behaviors.

Accepted Answer

A)   self-fulfilling prophecy
B)   assimilation
C)   dispositional attribution
D)   implicit personality theory

Question 19

Self-concept and self-esteem are so closely intertwined that some scholars combine them to talk about positive and negative self-concept.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Persistent forms of discrimination like microagressions have no bearing on the interactions and accomplishments of members of stereotyped groups.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 2: Social Cognition: Understanding Others and Ourselves

Describe the three key steps in the social cognition process and the factors that influence those steps.

________________ concerns the messages you send to yourself through your thoughts.

_____ is the emotional reaction to a stereotyped group or individual from that group.

Keisha is good at math, and she values that characteristic positively, meaning she has _________.

Forming stereotypes for categories of people is always a bad thing and is avoidable.

Jill blushed when she tripped in front of the class. The ________ component of emotion is the physical experience of a feeling.

Do you know anyone who seems to suffer from incongruence? Define incongruence and give specific examples of the person's incongruence.

________ are everyday insults, indignities, and demeaning messages sent to a member of a stereotyped group by well-intentioned others who are unaware of the hidden messages being sent.

What are the guidelines that can aid you in improving social cognition?

In what way do messages reflect and maintain our self-concept?

It is important to remember that self-concept is a(n) ________, which is resistant to change.

Most theorists believe basic emotions are separate from each other and do not vary in intensity.

__________ is the tendency to believe that others' negative behaviors result from their choices, whereas our own negative behaviors tem from conditions over which we have no control.

Emotions that are classified as basic are ________.

"I see that the cheerleaders are sitting together at lunch-they're all such snobby, non-inclusive people." A(n) ________ is a schema in which the central concept is a category or group of people.

Greg has always been my best friend, and our best times together were spent sharing secrets, inside jokes, and late night conversations while eating junk food. Those memories form my ________ , or memory structure that connects a concept to its related qualities, of a best friend.

Discuss how memories affect how you perceive others. Provide examples.

You've gotten to know several college professors and have discovered that they are all highly intelligent, involved in their communities, and love to read. You have formed a(n) ___________, a specific kind of schema that connects a set of traits and behaviors.

Self-concept and self-esteem are so closely intertwined that some scholars combine them to talk about positive and negative self-concept.

Persistent forms of discrimination like microagressions have no bearing on the interactions and accomplishments of members of stereotyped groups.