Question 1

Research in Latin America and the Caribbean shows that spontaneous settlements follow a life cycle that sometimes results in middle-income housing. The first stage of this cycle is known as the

Accepted Answer

A)   bridgehead.
B)   Jakarta.
C)   consolidation.
D)   suburbanization. A

Question 2

In the 1950s, it was fashionable to attribute the underdevelopment of the third world to the global capitalist system.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

Primacy is measured by comparing

Accepted Answer

A)   the populations of the four largest cities.
B)   the population of the largest city with that of the second-largest city.
C)   the populations of all cities within a certain metropolitan zone.
D)   urban versus rural populations. B

Question 4

Explain the theory of the demographic transition. In your answer, describe each stage of the transition.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain the theory of the demographic transition....

Question 5

Today, the less-developed countries of the world contain approximately three- quarters of the world's 6 billion people.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The text makes a number of observations about urbanization in less-developed countries. Which of the following is NOT one of these observations?

Accepted Answer

A)   The rate of natural increase and the magnitude of rural to urban migration are much lower today than in the past.
B)   In LDCs, high rates of natural increase in both urban and rural areas have kept the ratio of population to arable land high.
C)   Unlike MDCs, innovation and technology in LDCs is imported and diffuses rapidly throughout the society.
D)   In MDCs when rural to urban migration threatened to overwhelm the cities, there was a safety valve: emigration.

Question 7

There are four basic types of spontaneous settlements. Which of the following is NOT one of these?

Accepted Answer

A)   invasions
B)   pirate settlements
C)   usufruct settlements
D)   condominium settlements

Question 8

Thomas Downey and Richard Williamson suggest a solution for less-developed countries that may be palatable to both modernization and dependency/world system theory advocates. Downey and Williamson refer to this as fighting poverty with

Accepted Answer

A)   profit.
B)   education.
C)   religion.
D)   politics.

Question 9

Within dependency or world systems theory, a few nations of the world display the characteristics of both core and peripheral nations, and they are known as __________ nations.

Accepted Answer

A)   exploited
B)   semi-peripheral
C)   commodity
D)   displaced

Question 10

In 1998, the richest country in the world possessed 115 times the per capital income of the poorest.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The text observes that there are four distinct patterns associated with the premodern city. Which of the following is NOT one of these patterns?

Accepted Answer

A)   compact and densely settled
B)   segregation into precincts based on tribe, caste, or ties to a rural village
C)   the presence of specialized areas of the city based on function
D)   the wealthy live near the city's center and the poor at its periphery

Question 12

The dependency theory has its origins in the analysis of __________ relationships.

Accepted Answer

A)   peripheral
B)   core
C)   postcolonial
D)   colonial

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT one of the patterns of urbanization that can be identified in LDCs?

Accepted Answer

A)   Type 1 - in Latin America
B)   Type 3 - in sub-Saharan nations
C)   Type 4 - in India, China, and Pakistan
D)   Type 5 - in Saudi Arabia

Question 14

Compare and contrast the modernization theory with the dependency or world systems theory. What reasons does each explanation provide for why less- developed societies have not developed as expected?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare and contrast the modernization theory with...

Question 15

The author of your text prefers the term spontaneous settlement because it represents the innovation that the poor bring to their housing problems.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The text explains that the global economy plays a part in the urbanization process of the less-developed world in a number of different ways. Which of the following is NOT one of these?

Accepted Answer

A)   Local elites make decisions about infrastructure and human capital development.
B)   Global decision making appears to reflect an urban bias.
C)   Investors make relatively isolated decisions.
D)   Urban elites and symbolic analysts are linked to the global economy via the Internet.

Question 17

Advocates of __________ theory are usually neo-Marxian and blame the world capitalist system for underdevelopment.

Accepted Answer

A)   dependency
B)   world systems
C)   modernization
D)   both a and b above

Question 18

What are spontaneous settlements? Name and briefly describe the four basic types of spontaneous settlements.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are spontaneous settlements? Name and briefly...

Question 19

Drawing on the works of Karl Marx, Max Weber, and Emile Durkheim, the __________ theory posits that industrial development follows a coherent pattern of growth and would, in time, produce certain common social and political structures across different countries and cultures.

Accepted Answer

A)   dependency
B)   world systems
C)   modernization
D)   both a and b above

Question 20

Modernization may not be characterized as an ethnocentric concept.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 3: Globalization and Urbanization in the Less-Developed World

Research in Latin America and the Caribbean shows that spontaneous settlements follow a life cycle that sometimes results in middle-income housing. The first stage of this cycle is known as the

In the 1950s, it was fashionable to attribute the underdevelopment of the third world to the global capitalist system.

Primacy is measured by comparing

Explain the theory of the demographic transition. In your answer, describe each stage of the transition.

Today, the less-developed countries of the world contain approximately three- quarters of the world's 6 billion people.

The text makes a number of observations about urbanization in less-developed countries. Which of the following is NOT one of these observations?

There are four basic types of spontaneous settlements. Which of the following is NOT one of these?

Thomas Downey and Richard Williamson suggest a solution for less-developed countries that may be palatable to both modernization and dependency/world system theory advocates. Downey and Williamson refer to this as fighting poverty with

Within dependency or world systems theory, a few nations of the world display the characteristics of both core and peripheral nations, and they are known as __________ nations.

In 1998, the richest country in the world possessed 115 times the per capital income of the poorest.

The text observes that there are four distinct patterns associated with the premodern city. Which of the following is NOT one of these patterns?

The dependency theory has its origins in the analysis of __________ relationships.

Which of the following is NOT one of the patterns of urbanization that can be identified in LDCs?

Compare and contrast the modernization theory with the dependency or world systems theory. What reasons does each explanation provide for why less- developed societies have not developed as expected?

The author of your text prefers the term spontaneous settlement because it represents the innovation that the poor bring to their housing problems.

The text explains that the global economy plays a part in the urbanization process of the less-developed world in a number of different ways. Which of the following is NOT one of these?

Advocates of __________ theory are usually neo-Marxian and blame the world capitalist system for underdevelopment.

What are spontaneous settlements? Name and briefly describe the four basic types of spontaneous settlements.

Drawing on the works of Karl Marx, Max Weber, and Emile Durkheim, the __________ theory posits that industrial development follows a coherent pattern of growth and would, in time, produce certain common social and political structures across different countries and cultures.

Modernization may not be characterized as an ethnocentric concept.