Question 1

The wing of a bald eagle is ______ the wing of a penguin.

Accepted Answer

A)  convergent with 
B)  homologous to 
C)  unrelated to 
D)  analogous to

Question 2

What type of reproductive isolating mechanism is described by a situation in which female fireflies only mate with males who emit light in a particular pattern?

Accepted Answer

A)  habitat isolation 
B)  temporal isolation 
C)  mechanical isolation 
D)  behavioral isolation

Question 3

The biological species concept cannot be applied to fossils.Which alternate approach to identifying species would be most useful for classifying fossil organisms?

Accepted Answer

A)  an approach based on use of ecological resources 
B)  an approach based on genetic history 
C)  an approach based on measurable physical traits 
D)  an approach based on molecular biology

Question 4

Under the biological species concept,what criterion is used to assign populations of organisms to the same biological species?

Accepted Answer

A)  a very similar appearance 
B)  being able to interbreed and produce fertile offspring 
C)  relating to the environment in the same way 
D)  having 99% of their genes in common

Question 5

Examine the evolutionary relationships represented in the following figure.Based upon this diagram,the two most closely related species are ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  leopards and striped skunks 
B)  leopards and European otters 
C)  European otters and coyotes 
D)  coyotes and wolves

Question 6

The type of reproductive barrier that occurs when two species mate but produce sterile hybrids is referred to as ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  mechanical isolation 
B)  temporal isolation 
C)  a postzygotic barrier 
D)  behavioral isolation

Question 7

Which one of the following is the only domain that contains eukaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Animalia 
B)  Plantae 
C)  Archaea 
D)  Eukarya

Question 8

Some fish have bony fins.If the body of water they are in dries out,these fins can be used to help the fish "walk" to another body of water.In this context,bony fins are an example of ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  an exaptation 
B)  neoteny 
C)  punctuated evolution 
D)  paedomorphosis

Question 9

Read the following scenario to answer the following question(s).
In some zoos, rare crosses between a male lion and a female tiger have produced hybrid offspring called ligers. Male ligers are sterile but some female ligers are fertile. In the wild, lion and tiger ranges do not naturally overlap, making such a cross unlikely. Furthermore, the solitary behavior of tigers and the social organizations of lions create behavioral differences.
-The production of sterile male ligers is an example of ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  sympatric speciation 
B)  the founder effect 
C)  a postzygotic barrier 
D)  a prezygotic barrier

Question 10

Homology is evidence of ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  convergent evolution 
B)  punctuated evolution 
C)  common ancestry 
D)  paedomorphosis

Question 11

A reproductive barrier that prevents species from mating is an example of ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  a prezygotic barrier 
B)  reduced hybrid viability 
C)  zygote mortality 
D)  a postzygotic barrier

Question 12

A pattern of evolution in which most change in appearance takes place during a relatively short period of time fits the ______ model of speciation.

Accepted Answer

A)  punctuated gradual 
B)  punctuated equilibrium 
C)  homeostatic 
D)  gradual

Question 13

The science of naming,identifying,and classifying organisms is called ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  biogeography 
B)  zoography 
C)  phylogeny 
D)  taxonomy

Question 14

Dinosaurs (aside from the lineage that produced birds)were extinct by the end of the ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  Cretaceous 
B)  Silurian 
C)  Eocene 
D)  Permian

Question 15

Examine the figure below.Cladistic analysis indicates that crocodiles are more closely related to ______ than to ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  birds... alligators 
B)  snakes... birds 
C)  lizards... birds 
D)  birds... lizards

Question 16

______ is the discipline of biology that focuses on classifying organisms and determining their evolutionary relationships.

Accepted Answer

A)  Taxonomy 
B)  Epistemology 
C)  Systematics 
D)  Biogeography

Question 17

The wing of a penguin is ______ the wing of a butterfly.

Accepted Answer

A)  structurally identical to 
B)  superior to 
C)  homologous to 
D)  analogous to

Question 18

Molecular systematics might examine all of the following types of data except ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  proteins 
B)  DNA sequences 
C)  amino acid sequences 
D)  anatomical features

Question 19

An ancestral species and all its evolutionary descendants define a ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  outgroup 
B)  clade 
C)  genus 
D)  ingroup

Question 20

Which of the following would be an example of paedomorphosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  starfish regenerating severed limbs 
B)  rapid evolution in a small, isolated population 
C)  two species evolving a similar appearance 
D)  the ability to reproduce evolving in caterpillars

Exam 14: How Biological Diversity Evolves