Question 1

Define the concept of the social contract and explain its importance in eighteenth-century political philosophy.

Accepted Answer

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Question 2

What figure popularized the taste for the austere works of ancient Greece?

Accepted Answer

A)  William Hogarth 
B)  Thomas Jefferson 
C)  Johann J. Winckelmann 
D)  Francois Boucher

Question 3

Define neoclassicism and illustrate its influence in eighteenth-century Europe by discussing three related examples of literature and the arts. Choose your examples from three different artistic or literary forms (that is, painting, architecture, music, the novel, or opera) and show how the examples are related in their application of neoclassical ideas.

Accepted Answer

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Question 4

In what phenomenon did the Parisian Madame Geoffrin play an important role?

Accepted Answer

A)  the success of the salon as an intellectual and social occasion 
B)  the development of ballet as an independent art form 
C)  ending the aristocracy's dominance in French art 
D)  recovering the treasures of Pompeii and Herculaneum

Question 5

Define satire and illustrate its importance in the eighteenth century with examples from the arts and literature.

Accepted Answer

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Question 6

Which of these would one expect to hear in the sonata allegro movement of a Classical symphony?

Accepted Answer

A)  a recitative 
B)  the libretto 
C)  Storm and Stress 
D)  the development

Question 7

Which of these would have been the most appropriate setting for a small rococo entertainment or a salon of Parisian wits and philosophers?

Accepted Answer

A)  Church of the Vierzehnheiligen, Germany 
B)  the Hôtel de Soubise, Paris 
C)  the Residenz, Würzburg, Germany 
D)  Monticello, Virginia

Question 8

The Marriage of Figaro by W. A. Mozart is an example of what musical form?

Accepted Answer

A)  symphony 
B)  opera 
C)  oratorio 
D)  motet

Question 9

Marie Anne de Cupis de Camargo was a central figure in the development of what art?

Accepted Answer

A)  ballet dance 
B)  French neoclassical theater 
C)  the symphony 
D)  British portrait painting

Question 10

Which two artists are most closely associated with the rococo style in art?

Accepted Answer

A)  Jacques Louis David and Thomas Jefferson 
B)  Joseph Haydn and Wolfgang Mozart 
C)  Peter Paul Rubens and Nicolas Poussin 
D)  J.-H. Fragonard and Antoine Watteau

Question 11

Which of these is most directly involved or employed in an opera performance?

Accepted Answer

A)  sensibilité 
B)  the exposition 
C)  a libretto 
D)  Storm and Stress

Question 12

Which movement or style aimed to free Germany from artificial imitations of French culture?

Accepted Answer

A)  cult of sensibilité 
B)  the sentimental drama 
C)  the Encyclopedists 
D)  neoclassicism

Question 13

Identify the most important forms, styles, and themes in the arts and literature that appealed to a middle-class public.

Accepted Answer

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Question 14

What would an eighteenth-century deist most likely have done?

Accepted Answer

A)  constructed a country home in the Palladian style 
B)  practiced spiritual exercises to achieve religious insight 
C)  questioned the right of humans to overthrow governments 
D)  doubted the revelations of the Christian Bible

Question 15

Which of these literary works is an example of the epistolary novel?

Accepted Answer

A)  Richardson's Pamela 
B)  J.-J. Rousseau's Social Contract 
C)  Voltaire's Candide 
D)  Swift's Gulliver's Travels

Question 16

With what term or concept did Adam Smith describe the principle that individuals pursuing their individual self-interest would naturally create prosperity and happiness for all?

Accepted Answer

A)  enlightenment 
B)  invisible hand 
C)  categorical imperative 
D)  general will

Question 17

Which statement best describes the works of J.-H. Fragonard, creator of The Progress of Love?

Accepted Answer

A)  defined the form of the Classical symphony 
B)  embodied the light-hearted charm of the rococo 
C)  criticized the softness and indulgence of contemporary painting 
D)  established the bourgeois sentimental drama in Germany

Question 18

Which work best embodies the principles of eighteenth-century neoclassicism?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fragonard's The Swing 
B)  Hogarth's Marriage Contract 
C)  David's Oath of the Horatii 
D)  Mozart's Marriage of Figaro

Question 19

What was the most notable achievement of Marie-Elisabeth Vigée-Lebrun?

Accepted Answer

A)  reform the practice of ballet dance 
B)  paint flattering portraits of Europe's nobility 
C)  establish a famous salon in rococo Paris 
D)  compose popular operas performed in Vienna and Prague

Question 20

Which movement or style aimed to compile all human knowledge as a practical guide to the improvement of the human condition?

Accepted Answer

A)  rococo 
B)  Storm and Stress 
C)  the Encyclopedists 
D)  neoclassicism

Exam 10: The Enlightenment