Question 1

_____ is a central feature of peer-oriented social interactions between birth and three months of age:

Accepted Answer

A)   Imitation
B)   Vocalizations
C)   Shared interest
D)   Play A

Question 2

Peer interactions as coordinated, complex social exchanges are characteristic of:

Accepted Answer

A)   School-age children
B)   Preschoolers
C)   Infants
D)   Adolescents A

Question 3

According to developmental scientists, which of the following is not necessarily a characteristic of children's friendships?

Accepted Answer

A)   Equality
B)   Dyadic
C)   Reciprocity
D)   Voluntarism A

Question 4

What percentage of young adolescents have researchers found to be friendless (i.e., having no mutual friends)?

Accepted Answer

A)   15% to 20%
B)   1% to 2%
C)   20% to 30%
D)   40% to 50%

Question 5

In which of the following periods of development do individuals tend to describe friends as companions who live nearby and share their own expectations about play activities?

Accepted Answer

A)   Middle childhood
B)   Late childhood
C)   Adolescence
D)   Young adulthood

Question 6

A reassessment of Parten's original conclusions regarding the developmental sequence of six types of social participation reveals that these changes are largely the result of:

Accepted Answer

A)   Cognitive maturity
B)   Parental involvement
C)   Biologically-based needs
D)   Cultural norms

Question 7

Which of the following types of friendships is LESS likely to be characterized by stability?

Accepted Answer

A)   Female, same gender
B)   Male, same gender
C)   Female, cross gender
D)   Male, cross gender

Question 8

In which of the following periods of development do individuals tend to describe friends as people who share similar interests and are willing to engage in shared self-disclosure?

Accepted Answer

A)   Adolescence
B)   Late childhood
C)   Middle childhood
D)   Young adulthood

Question 9

Which of the following pairs does not match?

Accepted Answer

A)   Piaget; group socialization
B)   Sullivan; friendships
C)   Mead; the self
D)   Bandura; social learning

Question 10

Which of the following theorists of peer relationships is the most biologically-based?

Accepted Answer

A)   Hinde
B)   Mead
C)   Sullivan
D)   Harris

Question 11

In which of the following periods of development do individuals tend to describe friends as people who stick up for, and are loyal to, each other?

Accepted Answer

A)   Late childhood
B)   Middle childhood
C)   Adolescence
D)   Young adulthood

Question 12

Which of the following theorists stressed the importance of peer interactions as opportunities for negotiating multiple perspectives, including conflict and compromise?

Accepted Answer

A)   Piaget
B)   Sullivan
C)   Harris
D)   Bandura

Exam 3: Peer Relationships