On the Whole, the Eighteenth-Century Reforms

Multiple Choice

On the whole, the eighteenth-century reforms

A) Weakened Spain's hold on its colonies but strengthened Portugal's hold on Brazil.
B) Weakened Portugal's hold on Brazil but strengthened Spain's hold on its colonies.
C) Served both monarchies' economic and administrative goals in the short term, but left longstanding and new sources of discontent unresolved.
D) Had little effect on the colonies as the reforms were too shallow and were often reversed.