Which of the Following Statements About Using Deception in Research

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements about using deception in research is TRUE?

A) It is never appropriate to use deception in research.
B) Researchers may deceive participants about research that might cause physical pain or severe emotional distress as long as they administer an effective debriefing at the end of the study.
C) If deception is used, it should be restricted to the minimum amount necessary to meet the needs of the research.
D) People who have participated in research that used deception generally report feeling harmed by the experience.