Question 1

In industrialized nations, age of menarche __________ per decade from 1900 to 1970.

Accepted Answer

A)  increased by about 1 to 2 months 
B)  increased by about 3 to 4 months 
C)  declined by about 3 to 4 months 
D)  declined by about 5 to 6 months

Question 2

Which statement about adolescent mothers is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are unlikely to experience pregnancy complications. 
B)  They have unrealistically low expectations of their infants. 
C)  They are less likely to divorce if they do marry. 
D)  Very few give up their infants for adoption.

Question 3

Many gay men and lesbians say that they first sensed their biologically determined sexual orientation between ages __________, when they discovered __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  3 and 6; a preference for their same-sex parent 
B)  3 and 6; a preference for quiet activities and hobbies 
C)  6 and 12; their play interests were more like those of the other gender 
D)  6 and 12; strong physical attraction to members of the same sex

Question 4

In a study of sixth through tenth graders, __________ predicted self-esteem and overall positive adjustment.

Accepted Answer

A)  a sensation-seeking personality 
B)  sense of personal uniqueness 
C)  egocentric thought 
D)  sense of omnipotence

Question 5

What can parents and teachers do to help adolescents adjust to middle and high school transitions?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What can parents and teachers do to...

Question 6

In adolescence, __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  attention becomes less selective 
B)  strategies become less effective 
C)  inhibition improves 
D)  metacognition narrows

Question 7

In a study involving weather predictions, media multitaskers __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  activated the hippocampus, which plays a vital role in explicit memory 
B)  activated subcortical areas involved in implicit memory 
C)  were able to apply their learning to new weather problems 
D)  learned more thoroughly than participants working only on the weather task

Question 8

More than two-thirds of U.S. high school dropouts __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  obtain rewarding, high-paying jobs 
B)  never complete their secondary education 
C)  eventually obtain college degrees 
D)  finish their secondary education by their mid-twenties

Question 9

Discuss motor development and physical activity in adolescence.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss motor development and physical activity in...

Question 10

Discuss effective interventions for adolescent parents.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss effective interventions for adolescent parents....

Question 11

__________ is linked to early and frequent teenage sexual activity.

Accepted Answer

A)  Late pubertal timing 
B)  Small family size 
C)  Family religious involvement 
D)  Childhood impulsivity

Question 12

Early-maturing European-American girls tend to report a __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  positive attitude about their physical appearance 
B)  less positive body image than their on-time agemates 
C)  more positive body image than their late-maturing agemates 
D)  more positive body image than early-maturing boys

Question 13

Nearly three-fourths of U.S. teenagers __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  have smartphones 
B)  report being online "almost constantly" 
C)  are not allowed to access media while studying 
D)  engage in fewer than two media activities at once

Question 14

Which high school is the most likely to help its students adjust to the school transition?

Accepted Answer

A)  North High, which emphasizes good grades over mastery 
B)  East High, which provides homerooms that offer counseling 
C)  West High, which randomly assigns students to all classes 
D)  South High, which has large freshmen classrooms of 40 or more students

Question 15

The number of teenage births is considerably lower in the United States than it was 50 years ago because __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  most schools provide abstinence-only sex education courses 
B)  about one-fourth of adolescent pregnancies end in abortion 
C)  fewer teenagers are having sexual intercourse 
D)  most U.S. adolescents use contraceptives

Question 16

Which statement about parent‒child relationships in adolescence is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Research shows that puberty is related to a decrease in intensity of parent‒child conflict. 
B)  Psychological distancing is a modern substitute for leaving the family around the time of puberty. 
C)  Adolescents' new powers of reasoning contribute to a decline in family tensions. 
D)  Parent‒son conflict tends to be more intense than conflict with daughters.

Question 17

When faced with a propositional reasoning problem, 17-year-old Iris is likely to __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  justify her answer using a fictional or egocentric response 
B)  need concrete objects or situations to explain her answer 
C)  have great difficulty reasoning from premises that contradict reality or her own beliefs 
D)  justify her reasoning by explaining the logical rules on which it is based

Question 18

Which teenage boy is the most likely to feel profoundly lonely?

Accepted Answer

A)  15-year-old Maurice, who spends Saturday night at home 
B)  16-year-old Myron, who spends Thursday night playing football 
C)  17-year-old Christian, who spends Friday night at youth group 
D)  18-year-old Jerimiah, who spends Saturday night working

Question 19

Leigh is a depressed teenager who shows a persisting pattern of poor self-esteem, motivation, and academic achievement. For students like Leigh, the transition to high school __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  often means more personal attention and less whole-class instruction 
B)  tends to give them more chances to participate in classroom decision making 
C)  usually means an increase in grade point average 
D)  often marks a rise in out-of-school problem behaviors

Question 20

The decline in the overall U.S. high school dropout rate since the mid-2000s is largely due to __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the impact of legislation, such as No Child Left Behind 
B)  substantial gains in Hispanic teenagers' graduation rates 
C)  substantial gains in Native-American teenagers' graduation rates 
D)  the availability of high-quality vocational learning opportunities

Exam 11: Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence