Question 1

Words like "probably," "possibly," or "might" are represented by which element of the Toulmin model?

Accepted Answer

A)  Claim 
B)  Grounds 
C)  Warrant 
D)  Qualifier 
E)  Backing

Question 2

Which element of the Toulmin model is usually unstated or implicit?

Accepted Answer

A)  Claim 
B)  Grounds 
C)  Warrant 
D)  Qualifier 
E)  Premise

Question 3

What roles do narrative fidelity and narrative probability play in the narrative perspective of argument?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What roles do narrative fidelity and narrative...

Question 4

In what way(s) are enthymemes participatory in nature? Provide an example of an enthymeme that illustrates your answer.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In what way(s) are enthymemes participatory in...

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the authors' view of argument?

Accepted Answer

A)  Arguments may not include emotional appeals, such as pity, guilt, or fear. 
B)  Arguments must include reasoning, even if the reasoning is not very good. 
C)  Arguments must include reasons, and the reasons must be valid. 
D)  Arguments must be presented as enthymemes. 
E)  Arguments must be presented as stories.

Question 6

Select one of pragma-dialectic's "ten commandments" of arguing. Explain why that rule is needed and provide an example of a real or hypothetical argument that violates the rule.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Select one of pragma-dialectic's "ten commandments" of...

Question 7

Which model or theory of argument employs a standpoint rule, starting point rule, and relevance rule to evaluate argument?

Accepted Answer

A)  Toulmin model 
B)  Dialectical model 
C)  Perelman's new rhetoric 
D)  Pragma-dialectics 
E)  Narrative perspective

Question 8

This model or theory of argument says that argument seeks an "adherence of minds," by tailoring arguments to the audience's point of view.

Accepted Answer

A)  Toulmin model 
B)  Dialectical model 
C)  Perelman's new rhetoric 
D)  Pragma-dialectics

Question 9

Explain the difference between argument1 and argument2, and provide an example of each.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain the difference between argument1 and argument2,...

Question 10

Willy is visiting Babbs' apartment one day and makes the following remark about Babbs' Boston fern: "I think you are overwatering your Boston fern. The fronds are turning yellow at the base." What are the grounds in Willy's argument?

Accepted Answer

A)  Yellow fronds are a reliable sign of overwatering. 
B)  The fronds are turning yellow at the base. 
C)  Willy's judgment about indoor plants can be trusted. 
D)  Babbs should cut down on watering.

Question 11

At its core, argumentation emphasizes:

Accepted Answer

A)  Advocacy 
B)  Proof 
C)  Conflict 
D)  Rhetoric 
E)  Reason giving

Question 12

In Perelman's view, the goal of all argument is:

Accepted Answer

A)  To discover truth 
B)  To gain adherence 
C)  To change beliefs, attitudes, or behavior 
D)  To reach a mutually satisfactory conclusion

Question 13

Which type of argument represents a type of interaction, or the process of arguing back and forth?

Accepted Answer

A)  Syllogism 
B)  Argument1 
C)  Argument2 
D)  Enthymeme 
E)  Deduction

Question 14

The warrant in the preceding argument is:

Accepted Answer

A)  Purebred dogs often have a lot of inbreeding. 
B)  Cause-effect reasoning: Genetic diversity causes mixed-breed dogs to be healthier than purebred dogs. 
C)  People who own "mutts" tend to take better care of their dogs than people who own purebreds. 
D)  "Mutts" live longer because they are happy just to be alive, whereas purebred dogs may take life for granted.

Exam 3: Argument Theories, Models, and Definitions