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Identify the Best Standard-Form Representation of the Argument in the Passage

Question 23

Multiple Choice

Identify the best standard-form representation of the argument in the passage:
The passage: If something exhibits goal-directed behaviors, then it is possible to benefit or harm it. And, if it is possible to benefit or harm something, then its interests deserve moral consideration. Furthermore, all living things exhibit goal-directed behavior. (Every living thing strives, grows, procreates, and so on. All of these count as goal-directed behaviors.) That's why all living things deserve moral consideration


A) 1) If something exhibits goal-directed behaviors, then it is possible to benefit or harm it.
2) If it is possible to benefit or harm something, then its interests deserve moral consideration.
3) All living things exhibit goal-directed behavior. Therefore, all living things deserve moral consideration.
B) 1) All living things deserve moral consideration.
2) If it is possible to benefit or harm something, then its interests deserve moral consideration.
3) All living things exhibit goal-directed behavior
So, If something exhibits goal-directed behaviors, then it is possible to benefit or harm it.
C) 1) Every living thing strives, grows, and procreates.
2) Striving, growing and procreating are goal-directed behaviors Thus, all living things exhibit goal-directed behaviors
D) 1) If something exhibits goal-directed behaviors, then it is possible to benefit or harm it.
2) If it is possible to benefit or harm something, then its interests deserve moral consideration.
3) All living things deserve moral consideration.
Therefore, all living things exhibit goal-directed behavior.

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