Question 1

Which of the following is a self-report measure of personality?

Accepted Answer

A)  the Thematic Apperception Test 
B)  the Rorschach test 
C)  the MMPI-2 
D)  All of these are self-report measures

Question 2

That our behaviour may be driven by archetypes, which are symbolic representations of types of behaviours, such as good and evil, is part of the personality theory of ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  Freud 
B)  Jung 
C)  Adler 
D)  Erikson

Question 3

The ________ measures people's preference for thinking and behaving.

Accepted Answer

A)  Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) 
B)  Rorschach test 
C)  Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) 
D)  Myers-Briggs Type Indicator

Question 4

How might we criticize Freud's psychodynamic theory, given the values of contemporary psychological science?

Accepted Answer

A)  Freud's theory seems to contain a bias against women. 
B)  Freud fails to consider potential cultural influences on personality and personality development. 
C)  both of these options 
D)  neither of these options

Question 5

Speaking loudly and talking with one's hands is an example of a ________ trait that people who are Italian may have.

Accepted Answer

A)  central 
B)  common 
C)  cardinal 
D)  secondary

Question 6

Which theories suggest that important components of personality are inherited?

Accepted Answer

A)  biological and genealogical 
B)  genealogical and evolutionary 
C)  evolutionary and cognitive 
D)  biological and evolutionary

Question 7

The five stages that are identified by particular pleasures experienced by the individual are known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  Erikson's psychosocial stages of development. 
B)  Piaget's cognitive stages of development. 
C)  Kohlberg's moral stages of development. 
D)  Freud's psychosexual stages of personality development.

Question 8

Critics of the Rorschach contend that it:

Accepted Answer

A)  is invalid. 
B)  resists standardization. 
C)  requires too much inference on the part of the examiner. 
D)  All of these

Question 9

According to your textbook, the original purpose of the MMPI-2 was to:

Accepted Answer

A)  predict some everyday behaviours. 
B)  assess a person's propensity to lie or distort the truth. 
C)  identify people with psychological difficulties. 
D)  All of these options

Question 10

Review contemporary evidence regarding the potential genetic and biological foundations of personality. Does this evidence contradict the notion that the environment is important in molding personality? Why or why not?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Review contemporary evidence regarding the potential genetic...

Question 11

Which trait theorist suggested that there are sixteen pairs of source traits that represent the basic dimensions of personality?

Accepted Answer

A)  Allport 
B)  Cattell 
C)  Eysenck 
D)  None of these

Question 12

Dr. Montgomery, a personality theorist, seeks to identify the key dimensions necessary to explain the consistencies in individuals' behaviour. Dr. Montgomery is a(n) _________ theorist.

Accepted Answer

A)  trait 
B)  psychodynamic 
C)  humanistic 
D)  evolutionary

Question 13

Which trait theorist suggested that there are three fundamental categories of traits that he called cardinal, central, and secondary?

Accepted Answer

A)  Allport 
B)  Cattell 
C)  Eysenck 
D)  None of these

Question 14

The "Big Five" personality dimensions demonstrate:

Accepted Answer

A)  consistency across various procedures to evaluate personality. 
B)  cross-cultural consistency. 
C)  both of these options 
D)  neither of these options

Question 15

Which of the following traits does NOT have a strong genetic component?

Accepted Answer

A)  social potency 
B)  traditionalism 
C)  achievement 
D)  All of these have strong genetic components.

Question 16

In Freud's theory of psychosexual development, smoking during adulthood is explained as a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  phallic fixation. 
B)  genital fixation. 
C)  anal fixation. 
D)  oral fixation.

Question 17

Which of the following are important criteria for evaluating the usefulness of tests?

Accepted Answer

A)  reliability and validity 
B)  consistency and correlation 
C)  necessary and sufficient 
D)  diagnosis and prediction

Question 18

"OCEAN" is a mnemonic device to help people remember which personality theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  Factor Analysis 
B)  Allport's trait theory 
C)  The "Big Five" Factors of Personality 
D)  none of these options

Question 19

According to Freud, the personality structure he labelled the ego is matched with which of the following descriptive terms?

Accepted Answer

A)  conscience 
B)  pleasure principle 
C)  reality principle 
D)  self-actualization

Question 20

In general, how does neo-Freudian thought differ from Freud's original theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  The neo-Freudians tended to emphasize the importance of the ego rather than that of the id. 
B)  The neo-Freudians paid more attention to sociocultural influences on behaviour. 
C)  both of these options 
D)  neither of these options

Exam 11: Personality Theories and Criticisms: a Comprehensive Overview