Question 1

_______________ calculated the IQ by comparing an individual's score to the scores of others in the same general age group whose average score was statistically fixed at 100.

Accepted Answer

A)  charles spearman
B)  david wechsler
C)  lazarus
D)  robert woodworth B

Question 2

The ability to identify previously encountered material is ______________________

Accepted Answer

A)  explicit memory
B)  recall
C)  recognition
D)  relearning C

Question 3

________________ is the tendency to perceive a stationary point of light in a dark room as moving.

Accepted Answer

A)  stroboscopic motion
B)  phi-phenomenon
C)  autokinetic effect
D)  illusion C

Question 4

_______________ is a fundamental emotion that Horney described as the feeling a child has of being isolated and helpless in a potentially hostile world.

Accepted Answer

A)  womb envy
B)  anima
C)  basic anxiety
D)  inferiority complex

Question 5

_______________ believes there are multiple intelligences and he defines intelligence as the ability to solve problems or create products that are valued within one or more cultural settings.

Accepted Answer

A)  charles spearman
B)  david wechsler
C)  howard gardner
D)  stanford binet

Question 6

_____________ in Freud's theory is the partly conscious self-evaluative, moralistic component of personality that is formed through the internalization of parental and societal rules.

Accepted Answer

A)  id
B)  ego
C)  superego
D)  eros

Question 7

The triarchic theory of intelligence is given by _______________

Accepted Answer

A)  spearman
B)  guilford
C)  sternberg
D)  gardner

Question 8

___________________ refers to the awareness of environmental demands and the capacity to accommodate them by postponing gratification until the appropriate time or circumstances exist.

Accepted Answer

A)  reality principle
B)  pleasure principle
C)  displacement
D)  free association

Question 9

The forces that act on or within an organism to initiate and direct behavior is called _______________.

Accepted Answer

A)  motivation
B)  emotion
C)  personality
D)  attitude

Question 10

According to Freud, ________________ is the partly conscious rational component of personality that regulates thoughts and behavior and is most in touch with the demands of the external world.

Accepted Answer

A)  thanatos
B)  ego
C)  superego
D)  id

Question 11

Based on the work of Charles Darwin and his scientifically based theory of evolution, psychologists devised lengthy lists of ___________________ to account for every conceivable human behavior.

Accepted Answer

A)  traits
B)  instincts
C)  incentive
D)  drive

Question 12

The use of mental images and concepts, problem solving and decision making, and language capabilities are cognitive abilities that are aspects of what is commonly called _______________.

Accepted Answer

A)  personality
B)  intelligence
C)  mental strength
D)  creativity

Question 13

______________ is the ego defense mechanism that involves unconsciously shifting the target of an emotional urge to a substitute target that is less threatening or dangerous.

Accepted Answer

A)  sublimation
B)  displacement
C)  identification
D)  repression

Question 14

The ability to retrieve and reproduce from memory previously encountered material is ______________

Accepted Answer

A)  explicit memory
B)  recall
C)  recognition
D)  relearning

Question 15

Cognitive skills, abilities, and attitudes that emerge through developmental experiences involving the interaction of behavioral, cognitive, and environmental factors represent the person's _________________.

Accepted Answer

A)  self-system
B)  self-concept
C)  self-efficacy
D)  self-esteem

Exam 1: Psychology Terminology and Concepts