Question 1

Which of the following is most true regarding a profession's "legitimate tools"?

Accepted Answer

A)   Legitimate tools are not unique to any profession.
B)   A profession legally owns the rights to its legitimate tools.
C)   Legitimate tools tend not to change over time.
D)   To be "legitimate," the profession must develop its tools. A

Question 2

When an occupational therapist obtains information on whether a client lives alone or with others, what his or her financial status might be, and whether the client prefers to have others involved in the intervention process, what category of information has the therapist gathered for consideration in intervention planning?

Accepted Answer

A)   Client life situations
B)   Client factors
C)   Informed consent
D)   Privacy consent A

Question 3

Using a pluralist approach, an occupational therapist determines the most appropriate interventions through reflection and reasoning in "all four dimensions." What are these four dimensions?

Accepted Answer

A)   Client, therapist, occupation, and participation
B)   Client, therapist, caregiver, and model
C)   Client, theoretical, model, and ethical
D)   Client, therapist, theoretical, and ethical D

Question 4

From the choices below, how would a pluralistic occupational therapist opine on the following general intervention statement? "Client's participation in his or her occupations may not be realized during the occupational therapy intervention but are the ideal intervention outcome."

Accepted Answer

A)   Never acceptable
B)   Seldom acceptable
C)   Monistically acceptable
D)   Absolutely acceptable

Question 5

Under the therapist dimension, what is the term for when a therapist takes a course of action because he or she is legally or professionally bound to do so?

Accepted Answer

A)   Therapist obligations
B)   Therapist responsibilities
C)   Therapist decree
D)   Therapist internalization

Question 6

Which of the following correctly lists and completely depicts the four main areas that a therapist must reflect on and think about within the therapist dimension of the pluralistic perspective?

Accepted Answer

A)   Therapist expertise, therapist professionalism, therapist theoretical perspective, and the client context
B)   Therapist obligations, therapist responsibilities, therapist competence, and the intervention context
C)   Therapist obligations, client responsibilities, therapist theoretical perspective, and the client context
D)   Therapist expertise, therapist competence, client responsibilities, and client-therapist context

Question 7

Which of the following encompasses a situation where a therapist possesses pertinent and evidence-based knowledge, critical reasoning, performance, and interpersonal skills, and the necessary ethical reasoning to perform a job, task, or intervention proficiently?

Accepted Answer

A)   Therapist obligations
B)   Therapist responsibilities
C)   Therapist competence
D)   Therapist internalization

Question 8

From the choices below, how would a pluralistic occupational therapist opine on referring clients to other professions or services due to their limited competence, the service delivery model, or the specific needs of the client?

Accepted Answer

A)   Never acceptable
B)   Seldom acceptable
C)   Monistically acceptable
D)   Absolutely acceptable

Question 9

What term do the authors use to describe a situation where a client reaches a point in the therapeutic process where he or she voluntarily or naturally engages in a desired occupation that has been the focus of the intervention?

Accepted Answer

A)   Occupational justice
B)   Occupational plateau
C)   Occupational attainment
D)   Occupational synthesis

Question 10

We are informed by the chapter that critical thinking becomes clinical reasoning when therapists use the interpretation of events and the situation in context to decide on a course of action. When then, as per the text, does clinical reasoning become pluralistic clinical reasoning?

Accepted Answer

A)   When multiple thinking strategies and perspectives are used to make decisions
B)   When therapists consider multiple client contexts to arrive at a clinical decision
C)   When therapists couple their ethical principles with their clinical reasoning
D)   When the principle of holism is applied to a typical critical thinking scenario

Question 11

When practitioners ascribe to the belief that no single approach can adequately account for all the complex conceptual issues within a profession or clinical situation or that no one element of a profession is more important than another, what philosophy are these practitioners following?

Accepted Answer

A)   Dimensional
B)   Monistic
C)   Pluralistic
D)   Client-centered

Question 12

Although pluralists agree that occupation is the core of the occupational therapy profession, how do they differ in their view of occupation specific to intervention?

Accepted Answer

A)   Occupation should not define all the interventions a therapist might employ.
B)   Occupation is the only alternative when deciding which interventions to use.
C)   Occupation should only be used with an additional intervention modality.
D)   Occupation should be used as therapeutic means and outcomes of intervention.

Question 13

Within the pluralistic perspective, what is it called when a therapists has the realization that there is generally more than one best courses of action or decision points?

Accepted Answer

A)   Ethical pluralism
B)   Ethical monism
C)   Ethical realization
D)   Ethical fallibility

Question 14

Pluralists utilize strategies such as clinical judgement, diagnostic reasoning, scientific reasoning, and creative thinking to make clinical decisions. What is the term used to describe each of these strategies?

Accepted Answer

A)   Reasoning strategies
B)   Thinking strategies
C)   Assessment strategies
D)   Reflection strategies

Question 15

The domain of concern describes the breadth of a profession's expertise and services competent to delivery. Which of the following is NOT considered a main aspect of the occupational therapy profession's domain of concern as per the Framework, 3rd edition?

Accepted Answer

A)   Occupation
B)   Client factors
C)   Performance skills
D)   Ethical reasoning

Question 16

Himman cited basic principles for making clinical decisions without regard to any particular ethical school of thought. What principle did Himman suggest in a situation when a therapist makes a sound ethical decision based on a detailed and comprehensive appreciation of the whole?

Accepted Answer

A)   Principle of fallibility
B)   Principle of respect
C)   Principle of holism
D)   Principle of understanding

Question 17

Ultimately, the occupational therapist adhering to a pluralistic perspective considers which one of the following four dimensions as its "primary dimension" and that the other dimensions must follow?

Accepted Answer

A)   Client
B)   Model
C)   Occupation
D)   Ethical

Question 18

In considering the theoretical domain of the pluralistic approach, interventions following the evaluation process may follow two different, but theoretically-based, paths. What are these two different paths?

Accepted Answer

A)   Selecting an established model or frame of reference; developing a frame of reference
B)   Selecting an occupation-based intervention; selecting a biomechanical intervention
C)   Developing a model of frame of reference; borrowing a theory from another profession
D)   Developing an occupation-based intervention; selecting an established guideline

Question 19

Within the ethical domain, therapists need to consider and implement actions that will result in a benefit to the client. What is this principle called?

Accepted Answer

A)   Universality
B)   Utility
C)   Fidelity
D)   Justice

Question 20

What is the main perspective the authors put forth in this chapter that differs from the many perspectives in the text focusing on "occupation" as the core and focus of occupational therapy intervention?

Accepted Answer

A)   Occupation is considered the goal or the outcome of occupational therapy.
B)   Occupation-based interventions should outweigh theoretically based interventions.
C)   Occupation, although the basis for the profession's history, is now irrelevant.
D)   Occupation-based interventions lead to monistic client outcomes and participation.

Exam 4: Occupation As the Goal