Question 1

In addition to measuring body fat, what other important measure can be obtained from a dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan?

Accepted Answer

A)   Bone density
B)   Muscle fiber type
C)   Hemoglobin concentration
D)   VO2 max A

Question 2

Explain some of the ways in which an allied health professional might utilize a diet history when working with a client.

Accepted Answer

Attaining a diet history not only provides the allied health professional with baseline nutritional information about the client's typical eating habits, but it also provides clients with insight into their own behaviors that they may not have considered previously. The allied health professional and client can use the information obtained from a diet history to better understand the types of foods eaten and the factors that influence intake, assess the quality of a client's nutritional habits, and evaluate how well the client's typical eating habits compare with an ideal diet. In some cases, the allied health professional may initiate the process of assessing diet history and recognize that, to best meet the client's needs, referral to a registered dietitian is necessary.

Question 3

What variable can significantly impact the accuracy of a bioelectric impedance measure?

Accepted Answer

A)   Hydration status
B)   Time of day
C)   Medications
D)   Ambient temperature A

Question 4

Which field method of assessing body composition was developed by life insurance companies as a means of categorizing a client based on the variables of height, frame size, and weight compared to normative data?

Accepted Answer

A)   Height-weight tables
B)   Body mass index
C)   Girth measures
D)   Bioelectric impedance

Question 5

In addition to assessing body composition, what other information might be provided by the serial measurement of skinfolds?

Accepted Answer

A)   Frame size
B)   Site-specific effects of a training program
C)   Waist-to-hip ratio
D)   Water weight

Question 6

Which somatotype would best be used to describe a tall, thin, lanky cross-country runner?

Accepted Answer

A)   Mesomorph
B)   Ectomorph
C)   Endomorph
D)   Mendomorph

Question 7

Which type of fat is stored in subcutaneous tissue?

Accepted Answer

A)   Intramuscular triglycerides
B)   Essential fat
C)   Visceral fat
D)   Adipose tissue

Question 8

Which of the following statements correctly describes current thinking regarding reference methods for measuring body composition?

Accepted Answer

A)   Magnetic resonance imaging is considered to be the preferred reference method due to its accuracy combined with ease of completion and cost-effectiveness.
B)   X-ray computed tomography scans are the preferred reference method due to the quality of the image produced and low levels of radiation used, making it easily repeatable.
C)   The multicomponent model is considered the preferred reference method due to its high level of accuracy.
D)   The dual-spectrum x-ray absorptiometry scan is the preferred reference method as site-specific body composition methods can be easily obtained with little technical support or training.

Question 9

Which of the following goals might be used to help a client reach the goal of losing 10 pounds so she can fit into her wedding dress in 12 weeks?

Accepted Answer

A)   Replacing her normal three regular sodas per day with water or tea and walking 30 to 45 minutes every day
B)   Getting fit and toned
C)   Exercising more than she is currently doing
D)   Eating only healthy foods, and only drinking soda when at a restaurant
E)   Finding a friend to exercise with on the weekends

Question 10

What factors are assessed when field methods and laboratory methods of evaluating body composition are compared to reference methods? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)   Reliability
B)   Validity
C)   Accessibility
D)   Applicability
E)   Ease of completion

Question 11

Which of the following types of fat are considered essential fat? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)   Intramuscular triglycerides
B)   Liver fat
C)   Visceral fat
D)   Adipose tissue
E)   Brain tissue

Question 12

What component is integral to the success of a lifestyle-change program?

Accepted Answer

A)   Support system
B)   Identification of deficiencies
C)   Medical evaluation
D)   Behavioral assessment and plan

Question 13

When estimating caloric needs, what measure must first be determined?

Accepted Answer

A)   Average number of calories consumed daily
B)   Resting energy expenditure (RE
E)  
C)   Average number of calories burned daily during exercise
D)   Type of lifestyle the patient follows

Question 14

A client goes to a nutrition and fitness consultation. During the initial meeting, the client says, "I only came to see you because my wife made me. I don't really think I need to change the way I eat." Which stage of the model of behavior change best characterizes this client?

Accepted Answer

A)   Contemplative
B)   Precontemplative
C)   Preparation
D)   Action

Question 15

Which of the following factors are included when calculating body mass index (BMI)? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)   Fat mass
B)   Lean mass
C)   Water weight
D)   Height
E)   Weight

Question 16

Gynoid obesity is often associated with a waist-to-hip ratio of 0.9 or lower.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Which relatively new technology can be used to create an image that is then measured at sites similar to those used with skinfold calipers to determine body composition?

Accepted Answer

A)   Three-dimensional photonic scanning
B)   Near-infrared interactance
C)   Ultrasound
D)   Computed tomography

Question 18

At what point in the hydrostatic weighing process should the measurement be taken to produce the most accurate results?

Accepted Answer

A)   As soon as the body is completed submerged
B)   After complete expiration
C)   Ten seconds after submersion
D)   As soon as the athlete is seated in the chair

Question 19

A client wishes to follow a generally healthy eating plan that conforms to the daily reference intakes (DRIs) and other general standards. What recommendation should be made to this client?

Accepted Answer

A)   Ask the client to complete a 24-hour food recall, then identify nutrient deficiencies that should be corrected.
B)   Ask the client to keep a food record for a week, then evaluate the food record and provide specific recommendations for the foods and amounts that should be consumed.
C)   Utilize a food record or other tracking system, like www.myfitnesspal.com, and compare those findings to the recommendations on www.choosemyplate.gov.
D)   The client should complete a food-frequency questionnaire, which should then be evaluated, and supplements should be recommended for every area in which the client is deficient.

Question 20

Write a nutrition or fitness-related goal that is structured using the SMART goal format.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Write a nutrition or fitness-related goal that...

Exam 11: Nutrition and Body Composition Coaching and Assessment