Question 1

Because of its recognition of the power of certain people or groups to label others, labeling theory closely ties into which other sociological explanation of deviance?

Accepted Answer

A)  the theory of differential association 
B)  the routine activities theory 
C)  the strain theory of deviance 
D)  the conflict perspective

Question 2

Which of the following statements about imprisonment rates in the United States is True?

Accepted Answer

A)  The United States imprisons people at a higher rate than Russia, Mexico, or Canada. 
B)  The United States imprisons people at a lower rate than Russia, Mexico, or Canada. 
C)  Russia, South Africa, and Mexico each imprison more people than the United States. 
D)  The United States imprisons people at a lower rate than Russia or South Africa, but higher than Israel.

Question 3

According to a study by Stanley Milgram, individuals will

Accepted Answer

A)  obey the commands of people viewed as legitimate authority figures, even if the behavior may harm another individual. 
B)  typically resist the attitudes and behaviors of their peers if such attitudes and behaviors are racist. 
C)  always conform to the attitudes and behaviors of their peers even if such attitudes and behaviors are racist. 
D)  in most instances, disobey the commands of people viewed as legitimate authority figures if the behavior may harm another individual.

Question 4

The term deviance is generally assumed to have negative connotations. Under what circumstances can deviance actually have positive benefits for society as a whole? Illustrate your answer with real-world examples.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The term deviance is generally assumed to...

Question 5

One implication of Durkheim's theory of deviance is that deviant acts may actually have beneficial effects by expanding the cultural horizons of a society.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The disturbing conclusion drawn from Milgram's famous obedience experiment was that up to two-thirds of ordinary people were actually sadists who enjoyed inflicting pain on innocent people.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Which of the following is considered a white-collar crime?

Accepted Answer

A)  burglary 
B)  motor vehicle theft 
C)  aggravated assault 
D)  consumer fraud

Question 8

Labeling theory is also called the societal-reaction approach because it emphasizes that deviance occurs as a reaction to a society's otherwise unattainable goals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Formal social control would most likely be employed if a student spoke out of turn in class.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

According to Robert Merton's typology, what is an innovator?

Accepted Answer

A)  None of the answer choices are correct. 
B)  an individual who has accepted the goals of society but pursues them with means regarded as improper 
C)  an individual who has withdrawn from both the goals and means of society 
D)  an individual who has abandoned the dominant means and seeks out a dramatically different social order

Question 11

Stanley Milgram's experiment was a study of primarily which form of social control?

Accepted Answer

A)  conformity 
B)  rewards 
C)  sanctions 
D)  obedience

Question 12

Which of the following is True about Émile Durkheim's view of deviance?

Accepted Answer

A)  Formal punishment for deviant acts is unnecessary because society automatically punishes deviants. 
B)  Deviant acts and crime always have a negative effect on society. 
C)  Labeling an individual is the most crucial stage in that person becoming a deviant. 
D)  There is nothing inherently deviant in any act; the key is the effect the act has on society.

Question 13

Which of the following statements BEST defines white-collar crime?

Accepted Answer

A)  when a business professional commits an illegal act and pays authorities to look the other way 
B)  an illegal act committed by a working-class person against an affluent individual 
C)  actions that violate informal norms and may result in civil suits against the perpetrator, but not criminal suits 
D)  illegal acts committed by affluent, "respectable" individuals in the course of business activities

Question 14

In his strain theory of deviance, Robert Merton

Accepted Answer

A)  described the five primary types of deviance. 
B)  noted that a given individual will always follow the same mode of adaptation. 
C)  created a typology to explain the adaptations people make to achieve a goal. 
D)  suggested that conformists tend to ignore societal goals for fear of appearing deviant.

Question 15

What term refers to going along with the norms of one's peers?

Accepted Answer

A)  conformity 
B)  deviance 
C)  obedience 
D)  labeling

Question 16

The term social control refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  behavior that violates the norms and values of a group. 
B)  society's power to limit deviance by enforcing conformity to expected norms and values. 
C)  culturally acceptable justifications for deviant behavior under certain circumstances. 
D)  penalties and rewards for conduct concerning a social norm.

Exam 6: Deviance

Because of its recognition of the power of certain people or groups to label others, labeling theory closely ties into which other sociological explanation of deviance?

Which of the following statements about imprisonment rates in the United States is True?

According to a study by Stanley Milgram, individuals will

The term deviance is generally assumed to have negative connotations. Under what circumstances can deviance actually have positive benefits for society as a whole? Illustrate your answer with real-world examples.

One implication of Durkheim's theory of deviance is that deviant acts may actually have beneficial effects by expanding the cultural horizons of a society.

The disturbing conclusion drawn from Milgram's famous obedience experiment was that up to two-thirds of ordinary people were actually sadists who enjoyed inflicting pain on innocent people.

Which of the following is considered a white-collar crime?

Labeling theory is also called the societal-reaction approach because it emphasizes that deviance occurs as a reaction to a society's otherwise unattainable goals.

Formal social control would most likely be employed if a student spoke out of turn in class.

According to Robert Merton's typology, what is an innovator?

Stanley Milgram's experiment was a study of primarily which form of social control?

Which of the following is True about Émile Durkheim's view of deviance?

Which of the following statements BEST defines white-collar crime?

In his strain theory of deviance, Robert Merton

What term refers to going along with the norms of one's peers?

The term social control refers to