Question 1

Italian Americans living in New York could be said to represent a ____ within the ____ United States.

Accepted Answer

A)  subculture; collectivist 
B)  cross-culture; individualist 
C)  subculture; multicultural 
D)  individualist culture; collectivist

Question 2

You are looking for a psychologist to help you cope with your depression.Dr.Joellet explains that your depression is the result of norepinephrine imbalances in your brain.Dr.Graham states that your depression is due to your thinking negative thoughts.Dr.Turnquet explains that since you enjoy watching TV and spend more time watching TV when you are depressed,you will continue being depressed.Dr.Joellet is using the ____ approach,Dr.Graham is using the ____ approach,and Dr.Turnquet is using the _____ approach.

Accepted Answer

A)  biological; psychodynamic; cognitive 
B)  biological; cognitive; behavioral 
C)  biological; behavioral; psychodynamic 
D)  behavioral; cognitive; psychodynamic

Question 3

As an undergraduate psychology major,Carl has developed a strong desire to study behavior and mental processes,in particular human performance.During an internship at a local business,Carl is intrigued with how a manager's interpersonal style can affect the workers' motivation.The field of ____ psychology would be most applicable to Carl's interests.

Accepted Answer

A)  personality 
B)  industrial and organizational 
C)  cognitive 
D)  educational

Question 4

Maggie is a graduate student in human factors.She is working with a local grocery store to improve their customer service while reducing costs to the consumers.Most likely,Maggie will ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  administer personality tests to all of the employees 
B)  complete a job analysis for each job position to eliminate redundancies 
C)  find ways to make shopping aisles more colorful and cheery for customers 
D)  help design a self-checkout system that is intuitive and logical

Question 5

The group of psychologists who focused on the whole of consciousness rather than its component parts were the ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  structuralists 
B)  Gestalt psychologists 
C)  behaviorists 
D)  functionalists

Question 6

Dr.Allera studies how brain activity is related to depressed and anxious behavior in college students.Dr.Allera probably takes the ____ approach to psychology.

Accepted Answer

A)  behavioral 
B)  psychodynamic 
C)  cognitive 
D)  biological

Question 7

Tom reads an article in the newspaper reporting new research on the link between genes and hostility.He realizes that the researchers were most likely to have adopted the ____ approach in their research.

Accepted Answer

A)  biological 
B)  psychodynamic 
C)  cognitive 
D)  behavioral

Question 8

Julene is applying to graduate school in psychology.She wants to study ways to test children for learning disabilities so that they can be placed into special education programs.Julene should apply to graduate programs that specialize in ____ psychology.

Accepted Answer

A)  developmental 
B)  school 
C)  human factors 
D)  cognitive

Question 9

When Allison's father passed away,Allison decided that her mother should come to live with her.Jameson's father also passed away,but he decided that his mother should live in a nursing home.Based only on this information,Allison is probably from a(n)____ culture and Jameson is probably from a(n)____ culture.

Accepted Answer

A)  multicultural; individualist 
B)  collectivist; multicultural 
C)  collectivist; individualist 
D)  individualist; collectivist

Question 10

When Sam meets with his psychologist,she explains that Sam has the ability to reach his full potential by understanding how his perceptions guide his actions.Which approach is Sam's psychologist taking?

Accepted Answer

A)  psychodynamic 
B)  cognitive 
C)  humanistic 
D)  evolutionary

Question 11

William James believed the focus of research should be on how mental images,sensations,and memories come together as a function of experience.Before him,Titchener believed it was important to define the _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  process of introspection 
B)  unconscious motivations for our actions 
C)  general laws of learning 
D)  structure of consciousness

Question 12

For her dissertation,Anupama would like to study the effects of culture on driving behavior.She would like to conduct the study in the United States and in India.However,she is advised to be careful with her study because both countries are comprised of many different subcultures.In other words,both of these countries are ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  multicultural 
B)  randomly sampled cultures 
C)  individualistic cultures 
D)  collectivistic cultures

Question 13

Your friend claims that altruism,cooperation,aggression,and other social behaviors increase the chances of human survival and are genetically encoded and passed on from generation to generation.Your friend is supporting the ____ approach.

Accepted Answer

A)  psychoneuroimmunological 
B)  psychobiological 
C)  sociopsychological 
D)  evolutionary

Question 14

"The whole of conscious experience is not the same as the sum of its parts" is a belief proposed by which view of psychology?

Accepted Answer

A)  Gestalt 
B)  psychodynamic 
C)  behavioral 
D)  humanist

Question 15

Which belief would a collectivist society support?

Accepted Answer

A)  Personal effort leads to success. 
B)  Restraining one's self to be part of a social unit is good. 
C)  Multiple values such as realizing one's personal potential, meeting personal obligations to others, and identifying with one's cultural heritage are important. 
D)  Self-esteem is a direct function of one's ability to express unique aspects of one's self to others.

Question 16

Dr.Strack believes that depression is primarily due to how people think about themselves and what people tell themselves about any given situation.Dr.Strack supports the ____ approach.

Accepted Answer

A)  psychodynamic 
B)  eclectic 
C)  biological 
D)  cognitive

Question 17

Which of the following is universal in all cultures?

Accepted Answer

A)  smile recognition 
B)  genderequity 
C)  racial diversity 
D)  social class

Question 18

Rod believes that some college students are independent go-getters and that other college students are more dependent on family approval than on personal achievement.The former group seems to hold ____ values whereas the latter group holds ____ values.

Accepted Answer

A)  collectivist; individualist 
B)  individualist; collectivist 
C)  evolutionary; social 
D)  social; evolutionary

Question 19

To understand why a problem child behaves as she does,Dr.Saldeen maps out the details of how rewards and punishments shape,maintain,and change the child's behavior.Dr.Saldeen is performing a(n)_____ of behavior.

Accepted Answer

A)  psychoanalysis 
B)  sociobiological analysis 
C)  adaptive analysis 
D)  functionalanalysis

Question 20

Jack believes that his success in math is based on hard work,but he believes his difficulties in history are based on an unfair professor.Jack is likely from a(n)____ culture.

Accepted Answer

A)  collectivist 
B)  altruistic 
C)  collaborative 
D)  individualist

Exam 1: Introduction to the Science of Psychology

Italian Americans living in New York could be said to represent a within the United States.