Question 1

Suppose a client said "I can't take the promotion because I will fail. I will be embarrassed when everyone sees that I can't handle it." Use either techniques from Ellis or Beck to work with this client.

Accepted Answer

As a therapist, I would use techniques from both Albert Ellis and Aaron Beck to work with this client.

From Albert Ellis' Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT), I would help the client identify and challenge their irrational beliefs about failure and embarrassment. I would encourage the client to question their belief that they will definitely fail in the new position and that they will be embarrassed if they do. I would help them see that these beliefs are not based on evidence and are likely exaggerated.

From Aaron Beck's Cognitive Therapy, I would work with the client to identify and reframe their negative thought patterns. I would help the client recognize any cognitive distortions in their thinking, such as overgeneralizing or catastrophizing, and guide them in replacing these negative thoughts with more realistic and balanced ones.

Overall, I would use a combination of techniques from both Ellis and Beck to help the client challenge their negative beliefs and thought patterns, and develop a more rational and positive outlook on the promotion. This may involve exploring past successes and strengths, setting realistic goals, and developing a plan for managing any potential challenges in the new role.

Question 2

Compare and contrast how a Freudian therapist and a Gestalt therapist would work with dreams.

Accepted Answer

Freudian therapists and Gestalt therapists have different approaches to working with dreams.

Freudian therapists believe that dreams are a window into the unconscious mind and that they contain hidden meanings and symbols that can provide insight into a person's inner conflicts and desires. They often use techniques such as free association and dream analysis to uncover these hidden meanings and help the client gain insight into their unconscious thoughts and emotions. Freudian therapists may also interpret the symbolism in dreams and explore the client's past experiences to understand the underlying meaning of the dream.

On the other hand, Gestalt therapists view dreams as a way for the client to gain insight into their current thoughts and emotions. They believe that dreams are a reflection of the client's present experiences and that they can be used to explore unresolved issues and conflicts. Gestalt therapists may use techniques such as dream reenactment or role-playing to help the client gain a deeper understanding of their dreams and how they relate to their current life situation. They focus on the client's present experience of the dream and how it relates to their current feelings and thoughts.

In summary, while both Freudian and Gestalt therapists work with dreams to help clients gain insight and understanding, they have different approaches and techniques for interpreting and exploring the meaning of dreams. Freudian therapists focus on uncovering hidden meanings and symbols from the unconscious mind, while Gestalt therapists focus on the present experience of the dream and how it relates to the client's current thoughts and emotions.

Question 3

Identify the incorrect pair:

Accepted Answer

A)   responsive listening -- affective
B)   assertiveness training -- cognitive
C)   free association -- affective-cognitive
D)   cognitive restructuring -- cognitive B

Question 4

Experiential strategies focusing on sensory awareness and imagery are especially effective for:

Accepted Answer

A)   affective problems
B)   cognitive problems
C)   behavioral problems
D)   all of these

Question 5

Rules/guidelines for Gestalt therapy include:

Accepted Answer

A)   focus on all time frames: past, present, and future
B)   pursue "why" since understanding brings awareness
C)   one must take full responsibility for one's own actions, feelings, and thoughts
D)   expand awareness of pleasurable experiences and push away the negative

Question 6

How is taking responsibility stressed in Gestalt therapy?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How is taking responsibility stressed in Gestalt...

Question 7

Affective strategies:

Accepted Answer

A)   are based on the work of Ellis
B)   focus on self-awareness and experiencing of feeling
C)   focus on the why of present behavior
D)   focus on decision-making

Question 8

In Ellis' A-B-C-D-E:

Accepted Answer

A)   A stands for action
B)   B stands for behavior
C)   C stands for consequences
D)   D stands for defensiveness

Question 9

Modeling is an example of a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)   behavioral strategy
B)   type of contracting
C)   cognitive strategy
D)   psychodynamic strategy

Question 10

Systematic desensitization:

Accepted Answer

A)   uses cognitive restructuring to challenge anxiety
B)   is a type of assertiveness training
C)   pairs anxiety with self-esteem exercises
D)   uses relaxation and an anxiety hierarchy

Question 11

How might a Gestalt therapist use the empty chair or the dialoguing technique? Give an example of a hypothetical counseling situation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of How might a Gestalt therapist use the...

Question 12

Which of the following strategies does not cut across domains:

Accepted Answer

A)   feminist strategies
B)   multimodal therapy
C)   ecological/systems strategies
D)   Gestalt strategies

Question 13

Systems strategies may include all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A)   prescribing the symptom
B)   focus on intrapsychic processes
C)   using a genogram
D)   circular questioning

Question 14

In the ecological/systems perspective:

Accepted Answer

A)   environmental variables are examined
B)   the helper is the expert
C)   the helpee's behavior and cognition are targeted for change
D)   larger social systems (larger than the family level)  are targeted for change

Question 15

In a contract:

Accepted Answer

A)   agreed upon terms should be both positive and negative
B)   agreed upon terms should be positive
C)   agreed upon terms should be negative
D)   reward should be used at varying time intervals

Question 16

Write a six-eight line dialogue that could take place between a helpee and a helper using the techniques of one of the following models of therapy. Choose from: Gestalt, person-centered, REBT, reality, or behavioral.

Accepted Answer

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Question 17

How is modeling used in counseling?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How is modeling used in counseling?...

Question 18

The basis for responsive listening communication skills is:

Accepted Answer

A)   Perls' Gestalt therapy
B)   Ellis' rational-emotive behavior therapy
C)   Freud's psychodynamic therapy
D)   Rogers' person-centered therapy

Question 19

Describe and define the A-B-C-D-E system developed by Ellis (rational- emotive behavior therapy).

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe and define the A-B-C-D-E system developed...

Question 20

Meichenbaum's stress inoculation approach includes:

Accepted Answer

A)   verbal self-instruction and relaxation strategies
B)   brainstorming and homework
C)   bibliotherapy and decision-making
D)   progressive relaxation and meditation

Exam 7: Introduction to Strategies