Question 1

Functional residual capacity (FRC),is the volume of air remaining in the lungs at the:

Accepted Answer

A)   beginning of end-tidal expiration.
B)   end of end-tidal expiration.
C)   middle of end-tidal expiration.
D)   presence of maximal arterial oxygenation. B

Question 2

Because of the marked changes that can be expected with body positioning and body positioning changes,the physical therapist has a narrow window of opportunity to assess and:

Accepted Answer

A)   treat the patient before, during, and after position changes.
B)   treat the patient after position changes.
C)   treat the patient before and during position changes.
D)   treat the patient before position changes. A

Question 3

The head-down position augments oxygen transport in some patients by:

Accepted Answer

A)   improving pulmonary mechanics.
B)   inhibiting pulmonary mechanics.
C)   improving cardiac mechanics.
D)   inhibiting cardiac mechanics. A

Question 4

The side-lying position accentuates anteroposterior expansion at the expense of transverse excursion of the:

Accepted Answer

A)   independent chest wall.
B)   dependent chest wall.
C)   thorax.
D)   independent hemidiaphragm.

Question 5

Frequent body position changes are used by physical therapists to stimulate:

Accepted Answer

A)   circulation and increase blood flow to the extremities.
B)   the patient and increase arousal to a more alert and wakeful state.
C)   the patient's awareness of their therapy session.
D)   the patient's hand-eye coordination.

Question 6

The prone position,which is underused clinically,can have such a significant powerful effect on:

Accepted Answer

A)   oxygen transport.
B)   high blood pressure.
C)   diabetes.
D)   alveolar volume.

Question 7

The distribution of ventilation is determined primarily by:

Accepted Answer

A)   functional residual capacity.
B)   blood pressure.
C)   heart rate.
D)   the effect of gravity.

Question 8

The prone position increases:

Accepted Answer

A)   arterial oxygen tension and dynamic lung compliance.
B)   arterial oxygen tension, tidal volume, and dynamic lung compliance.
C)   tidal volume and dynamic lung compliance.
D)   arterial oxygen tension and vital capacity.

Question 9

The practice of routinely turning patients every 2 hours continues to be an:

Accepted Answer

A)   unrealistic goal for the caregiver.
B)   underused standard of care.
C)   unaccepted standard of care.
D)   accepted standard of care.

Question 10

A common practice is to progressively turn patients in:

Accepted Answer

A)   small increments.
B)   one-half turns.
C)   one-third turns.
D)   one-quarter turns.

Question 11

Prescription of body positioning is based on an analysis of the factors that:

Accepted Answer

A)   contribute to impaired oxygen transport for each patient.
B)   contribute to improved oxygen transport for each patient.
C)   contribute to improved cardiovascular function for each patient.
D)   contribute to decreased cardiovascular function for each patient.

Question 12

Positioning patients between treatments can contribute as much to the overall treatment response as the treatment itself because:

Accepted Answer

A)   the patient spends more time in the before-treatment positions than in the within-treatment positions.
B)   the patient spends the same amount of time in the between-treatment positions as in the within-treatment positions.
C)   the patient spends more time in the within-treatment positions than in the between-treatment positions
D)   the patient spends more time in the between-treatment positions than in the within-treatment positions.

Question 13

In the mid-1800s,the use of immobilization to heal bones and injuries was extended to the:

Accepted Answer

A)   management of other conditions.
B)   treatment of hypotension.
C)   treatment of hypertension.
D)   kidney stones.

Question 14

Extreme body position changes simulate,but do not replace,the:

Accepted Answer

A)   physiological stir-up and perturbations that occur with normal mobility and being left side-lying.
B)   physiological stir-up and perturbations that occur with normal mobility and being recumbent.
C)   physiological stir-up and perturbations that occur with normal mobility and being prone.
D)   physiological stir-up and perturbations that occur with normal mobility and being upright.

Question 15

Body positions that simulate the normal physiological effects of gravity and position change on oxygen transport are:

Accepted Answer

A)   the clinical priority.
B)   the patient's objective.
C)   the principles for prescribing therapeutic body positioning.
D)   the specific indications for body positioning.

Question 16

Prescriptive body positioning is based on:

Accepted Answer

A)   routine positioning.
B)   the therapists and other team members' time.
C)   clear indications and well-defined parameters.
D)   unclear indications and underdefined parameters.

Question 17

An increase in intrathoracic blood volume in the supine position also contributes to a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)   higher risk of blood clots.
B)   airway closure.
C)   reduction in functional residual capacity (FR
C)   and lung compliance and to increase airway resistance.
D)   hypotension.

Question 18

Body position should first be exploited when coupled with movement followed by the:

Accepted Answer

A)   the patient being placed in a supine position.
B)   patient being placed in a recumbent position. 
C)   erect sitting positions with the legs dependent.
D)   patient being placed in a propped-up position.

Question 19

There is mounting physiological and scientific justification for use of the prone position to enhance arterial oxygenation and reduce the work of:

Accepted Answer

A)   patients with congenital cardiovascular conditions.
B)   breathing in patients with musculoskeletal dysfunction.
C)   breathing in patients with cardiopulmonary dysfunction.
D)   breathing in patients with neurogenic dysfunction.

Question 20

Side-lying increases end-diastolic ventricular pressure on the dependent side secondary to compression of the viscera beneath the diaphragm and to:

Accepted Answer

A)   atelectasis formation.
B)   central pneumothorax lesion.
C)   increased lung compliance on that side.
D)   reduced lung compliance on that side.

Exam 19: Mobilization and Exercise: Testing and Training

Functional residual capacity (FRC) ,is the volume of air remaining in the lungs at the: